United
States
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington,
D.C. 20549
FORM
10-K
x
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT
TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For
the
fiscal year ended December
31, 2005.
or
o
TRANSITION REPORT
PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For
the
transition period from _______ to ________.
Commission
file number: 1-5740
DIODES
INCORPORATED
(Exact
name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
|
|
95-2039518
|
(State
or other jurisdiction of
|
|
(I.R.S.
Employer
|
incorporation
or organization)
|
|
Identification
Number)
|
3050
East Hillcrest Drive
|
|
|
Westlake
Village, California
|
|
91362
|
(Address
of principal executive offices)
|
|
(Zip
Code)
|
Registrant’s
telephone number, including area code: (805) 446-4800
Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: Common Stock, Par Value $0.66
2/3
Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined
in
Rule 405 of the Security Act. Yes
o No
x
Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to
Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes
o No
x
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to
be
filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during
the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required
to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements
for
the past 90 days. Yes
x No
o
Indicate
by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of
Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best
of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to
this
Form 10-K. o
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an
accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer.
See
Definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of
the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large
accelerated filer o Accelerated
filer x Non-accelerated
filer o
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule
12b-2 of the Act). Yes o
No x
The
aggregate market value of the 12,692,093 shares of Common Stock held by
non-affiliates of the registrant, based on the closing price of $20.80 per
share
of the Common Stock on the Nasdaq National Market on June 30, 2005, the last
business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second quarter, was
approximately $263,995,540. The number of shares of the registrant’s Common
Stock outstanding as of March 8, 2006 was 25,474,913.
DOCUMENTS
INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions
of the registrant’s definitive proxy statement to be filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A in connection with the 2006
annual meeting of stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III
of
this Report. The proxy statement will be filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission not later than 120 days after the registrant’s fiscal year ended
December 31, 2005.
PART
I
Item
1. Business
We
are a
global supplier of discrete and analog semiconductor products. We design,
manufacture and market these semiconductors focused on diverse end-use
applications in the consumer electronics, computing, industrial, communications
and automotive sectors. Discrete semiconductors, which provide electronic signal
amplification and switching functions, are basic building-block electronic
components that are incorporated into almost every electronic device. We believe
that our focus on discrete and analog semiconductors provides us with a
meaningful competitive advantage relative to broadline semiconductor companies
that provide a wider range of semiconductor products.
Our
portfolio of discrete and analog semiconductors addresses the design needs
of
many advanced electronic devices including high-volume consumer devices such
as
digital audio players, notebook computers, flat-panel displays, mobile handsets,
digital cameras and set-top boxes. We believe that we have particular strength
in designing innovative surface-mount discrete semiconductors for applications
with critical need to minimize product size while maximizing power efficiency
and overall performance, and at a lower cost than alternative solutions. Our
product portfolio includes over 4,000 products, and we shipped approximately
7.5 billion units in 2004 and approximately 10.2 billion units in
2005.
We
serve
over 150 direct customers worldwide, which consist of original equipment
manufacturers (OEMs) and electronic manufacturing services (EMS) providers.
Additionally, we have 17 distributor customers worldwide, through which we
indirectly serve over 10,000 customers. Our customers include: (i) industry
leading OEMs, in a broad range of industries, such as Bose Corporation,
Honeywell International, Inc., LG Electronics, Inc., Logitech, Inc., Motorola,
Inc., Quanta Computer, Inc., Sagem Communication, Samsung Electronics Co.,
Ltd.
and Thompson, Inc.; (ii) leading EMS providers such as Celestica, Inc.,
Flextronics International, Ltd., Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd., Inventec
Corporation, Jabil Circuit, Inc., Sanmina-SCI Corporation and Solectron
Corporation who build end-market products incorporating our semiconductors
for
companies such as Apple Computer, Inc., Cisco Systems, Inc., Dell, Inc., EMC
Corporation, Intel Corporation, Microsoft Corporation and Roche Diagnostics;
and
(iii) leading distributors, such as Arrow Electronics, Inc., Avnet, Inc.,
Future Electronics and Yosun Industrial Corp. For 2004 and 2005, our OEM and
EMS
customers together accounted for 66.3% and 69.5%, respectively, of our net
sales.
We
are
headquartered in Westlake Village, California, near Los Angeles. We have two
manufacturing facilities located in Shanghai, China, and our wafer fabrication
facility is in Kansas City, Missouri; and our sales and marketing and logistical
centers are located in Taipei, Taiwan; Shanghai and Shenzhen, China; and Hong
Kong. We also have regional sales offices and/or representatives in: Derbyshire,
England; Toulouse, France; Frankfurt, Germany; and in various cities throughout
the United States. From 1998 to 2005, our net sales grew from $60.1 million
to $214.8 million, representing a compound annual growth rate of 20.0%.
The
diagram below shows the entities through which we conduct our business and
the
principal services provided by each entity.
(1) |
5%
owned by Keylink
International.
|
As
part
of our growth strategy, in December 2005, we announced the acquisition of
Anachip, a fabless Taiwanese semiconductor company focused on analog ICs
designed for specific applications. See “Our Strategy” for more discussion of
the Anachip acquisition.
SEGMENT
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
An
operating segment is defined as a component of an enterprise about which
separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by
the
chief decision maker, or decision-making group, in deciding how to allocate
resources and in assessing performance. Our chief decision-making group consists
of the President and Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Senior
Vice President of Operations, Senior Vice President of Sales and Marketing,
and
Vice President, Asia Sales. We operate in a single segment, discrete
semiconductor devices, through our various manufacturing and distribution
facilities.
Our
operations include the domestic operations (Diodes, Inc. and FabTech) located
in
the United States and the Asian operations (Diodes-Taiwan located in Taipei,
Taiwan, Diodes-China and Diodes-Shanghai both located in Shanghai, China, and
Diodes-Hong Kong located in Hong Kong, China). For reporting purposes, European
operations are consolidated into the domestic (North America) operations.
Information
about our net revenues, assets and property, plant and equipment is included
in
Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this
Annual Report on Form 10-K.
OUR
INDUSTRY
Semiconductors
are critical components used in the manufacture of an increasing variety of
electronic products and systems. Since the invention of the transistor in 1948,
continuous improvements in semiconductor processes and design technologies
have
led to smaller, more complex and more reliable devices at a lower cost per
function. The availability of low-cost semiconductors together with increased
customer demand for sophisticated electronic systems has led to the
proliferation of semiconductors in diverse end-use applications in the consumer
electronics, computing, industrial, communications and automotive sectors.
These
factors have also led to an increase in the total number of semiconductor
components in individual electronic systems and an increase in value of these
components as a percentage of the total cost of the electronic systems in which
they are incorporated.
OUR
COMPETITIVE STRENGTHS
We
believe our competitive strengths include the following:
Flexible,
scalable and cost-effective manufacturing -- Our
manufacturing operations are a core element of our success and we have designed
our manufacturing base to allow us to respond quickly to changes in demand
trends in the end-markets we serve. For example, we have structured our Shanghai
assembly, test and packaging
facilities to enable us to rapidly and efficiently add capacity and adjust
product mix to meet shifts in customer demand and overall market trends. As
a
result, for the past three years we have operated our Shanghai facilities at
near full capacity, while at the same time significantly expanding that
capacity. Additionally, the Shanghai location of our manufacturing operations
provides us with access to a highly-skilled workforce at a low overall cost
base
while enabling us to better serve our leading customers, many of which are
located in Asia.
Integrated
packaging expertise -- We
believe that we have particular expertise in designing and manufacturing
innovative and proprietary packaging solutions that integrate multiple separate
discrete elements into a single semiconductor product called an array. Our
ability to design and manufacture highly integrated discrete semiconductor
solutions provides our customers with products of equivalent functionality
with
fewer individual parts, and at lower overall cost, than alternative products.
For example, one of our leading diode array products integrates eight discrete
elements into a single highly miniaturized package that provides four times
the
functionality, with less than 20% of the space requirements of the previous
solution. This combination of integration, functionality and miniaturization
makes our products well suited for high-volume consumer applications such as
digital audio players, notebook computers and digital cameras.
Broad
customer base and diverse end-markets --
Our
customers include leading OEMs such as Bose Corporation, Honeywell
International, Inc., LG Electronics, Inc., Logitech, Inc., Motorola, Inc.,
Quanta Computer, Inc., Sagem Communication, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. and
Thompson, Inc., as well as leading EMS providers such as Celestica, Inc.,
Flextronics International, Ltd., Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd., Inventec
Corporation, Jabil Circuit, Inc., Sanmina-SCI Corporation and Solectron
Corporation. Overall, we serve over 150 direct customers and over 10,000
additional customers through our distributors, including leading distributors
such as Arrow Electronics, Inc., Avnet, Inc., Future Electronics and Yosun
Industrial Corp. Our products are ultimately used in end-products in a large
number of markets served by our broad base of customers, which we believe makes
us less dependent on either specific customers or specific end-use
applications.
Customer
focused product development -- Close
collaboration with our customers and a high degree of customer service are
essential elements of our business. We believe focusing on dependable delivery
of semiconductor solutions tailored to specific end-user applications, has
fostered deep customer relationships and created a key competitive advantage
for
us in the highly fragmented discrete semiconductor marketplace. We believe
our
close relationships with our OEM and EMS customers have provided us with deeper
insight into our customers’ product needs. This results in differentiation in
our product designs and often provides us with insight into additional
opportunities for new design wins in our customers’ products.
Management
continuity and experience -- We
believe that the continuity of our management team is a critical competitive
strength. The five members of our senior management team have an average of
over
12 years of service at Diodes and the length of their service with us has
created significant institutional insight into our markets, our customers and
our operations. In June 2005, we appointed Dr. Keh-Shew Lu as President and
Chief Executive Officer. Dr. Lu has served as a director of Diodes since
2001 and has 30 years of relevant industry experience. Dr. Lu began
his career at Texas Instruments, Inc. in 1974 and retired in 2001 as Senior
Vice
President and General Manager of Worldwide Analog, Mixed-Signal and Logic
Products. Our Chief Financial Officer, Carl Wertz, has been employed by us
since
1993 and has over 20 years of financial experience in manufacturing and
distribution industries. Joseph Liu, our Senior Vice President, Operations,
joined us in 1990 and has over 30 years of relevant industry experience
having started his career in 1971 at Texas Instruments. Similarly, Mark King,
our Senior Vice President of Sales and Marketing, has been employed by us since
1991, as has Steven Ho, our Vice President of Asia Sales.
OUR
STRATEGY
Our
strategy is to continue to enhance our position as a global supplier of discrete
semiconductor products, and to add analog IC capabilities, which compliment
our
current capabilities to the markets we serve, such as power management. The
principal elements of this strategy include the following:
Continue
to rapidly introduce innovative discrete and analog semiconductor products
-- We
intend
to maintain our rapid pace of new discrete product introductions, especially
for
high-volume, growth applications with short design cycles, such as digital
audio
players, notebook computers, flat-panel displays, mobile handsets, digital
cameras, set-top boxes and other consumer electronics and computing devices.
During 2005, we introduced 231 new devices in 32 different product families
and
achieved new design wins with over 100 OEMs. We believe that continued
introduction of new and differentiated product solutions is critically important
in maintaining and extending our market share in the highly competitive
semiconductor marketplace.
Expand
our available market opportunities -- We
intend
to aggressively maximize our opportunities in the discrete and analog
semiconductor market as well as in related markets where we can apply our
semiconductor design and manufacturing expertise. A key element of this is
leveraging our highly integrated packaging expertise through our Application
Specific Multi-Chip Circuit (ASMCC) product platform, which consists of standard
arrays, function specific arrays and end-equipment specific arrays. We intend
to
achieve this by:
Ø |
Continuing
to focus on increasing packaging integration, particularly with our
existing standard array and customer-specific array products, in
order to
achieve products with increased circuit density, reduced component
count
and lower overall product cost;
|
Ø |
Expanding
existing products and developing new products in our function specific
array lines, which combine multiple discrete semiconductor components
to
achieve specific common electronic device functionality at a low
cost;
and
|
Ø |
Developing
new product lines, which we refer to as end-equipment specific arrays,
which combine discrete components with logic and/or standard analog
circuits to provide system-level solutions for high-volume, high-growth
applications.
|
Maintain
intense customer focus -- We
intend
to strengthen and deepen our customer relationships. We believe that continued
focus on customer service would increase our net sales, operating performance
and overall market share. To accomplish this, we intend to continue to closely
collaborate with our customers to design products that meet their specific
needs. A critical element of this strategy is to continue to further reduce
our
design cycle time in order to quickly provide our customers with innovative
products. Additionally, to support our customer-focused strategy, we are
continuing to expand our sales force and field application engineers,
particularly in Asia and Europe.
Enhance
cost competitiveness --
A key
element of our success is our overall low-cost base. While we believe that
our
Shanghai manufacturing facilities are among the most efficient in the industry,
we will continue to refine our proprietary manufacturing processes and
technology to achieve additional cost efficiencies. Additionally, we intend
to
continue to operate our facilities at high utilization rates and to increase
product yields in order to achieve meaningful economies of scale.
Pursue
selective strategic acquisitions --
As
part of our strategy to expand our discrete and analog semiconductor product
offerings and to maximize our market opportunities, we may acquire discrete,
analog or mixed-signal technologies, product lines or companies in order to
support our ASMCC product platform and enhance our standard and new product
offerings.
As
part
of our growth strategy, in December 2005, we announced the acquisition of
Anachip, a fabless Taiwanese semiconductor company focused on analog ICs
designed for specific applications, and headquartered
in the Hsinchu Science Park in Taiwan.
This
acquisition, which closed on January 10, 2006, fits in the center of our
long-term
strategy. Anachip’s main product focus is Power Management ICs. The analog
devices they produce are used in LCD monitor/TV's, wireless LAN 802.11 access
points, brushless DC motor fans, portable DVD players, datacom devices, ADSL
modems, TV/satellite set-top boxes, and power supplies. Anachip brings a design
team with strong capabilities in a range of targeted analog and power management
technologies.
FOLLOW-ON
PUBLIC OFFERING
During
2005, we sold 2,125,000 shares of our Common Stock in a follow-on public
offering, raising approximately $71.7 million (net of commissions and expenses).
We used approximately $30 million of the net proceeds in connection with the
Anachip acquisition and we
intend
to use the remaining net proceeds from this offering for working capital and
other general corporate purposes, including acquisitions.
OUR
PRODUCTS
Our
product portfolio includes over 4,000 products that are designed for use in
high-volume consumer devices such as digital audio players, notebook computers,
flat-panel displays, mobile handsets, digital cameras and set-top boxes. We
target and serve end-equipment market segments that we believe have higher
growth rates than the overall semiconductor industry.
Our
broad
product line includes:
Ø |
Discrete
semiconductor products, including performance Schottky rectifiers;
performance Schottky diodes; Zener diodes and performance Zener diodes,
including tight tolerance and low operating current types; standard,
fast,
super-fast and ultra-fast recovery rectifiers; bridge rectifiers;
switching diodes; small signal bipolar transistors; prebiased transistors;
MOSFETs; and transient voltage
suppressors;
|
Ø |
Complex
high-density diode, transistor and mixed technology arrays, in multi-pin
ultra-miniature surface-mount packages, including customer specific
and
function specific arrays;
|
Ø |
Silicon
wafers used in manufacturing these products;
and
|
Ø |
Analog
and mixed-signal devices through our recent Anachip
acquisition
|
Our
discrete semiconductor products are an essential building-block of electronic
circuit design and are available in thousands of permutations varying according
to voltage, current, power handling capability and switching speed.
Our
complex diode and transistor arrays help bridge the gap between discrete
semiconductors and integrated circuits. Arrays consist of multiple discrete
semiconductor devices housed in a single package. Our discrete surface-mount
devices, which are components that can be attached to the surface of a substrate
with solder, target end-equipment categories with critical needs to minimize
size while maintaining power efficiency and performance.
The
following table lists the end-markets and some of the applications in which
our
products are used:
End
Markets
|
|
Approximate
percentage of our net sales for the year ended
December
31, 2005
|
|
End
product applications
|
|
Consumer
Electronics
|
|
|
38%
|
|
|
Set-top
boxes, game consoles, digital audio players, digital cameras, mobile
handsets, flat-panel displays, personal medical devices
|
|
Computing
|
|
|
34%
|
|
|
Notebooks,
flat-panel monitors, motherboards, PDAs, multi-function printers,
servers,
network interface cards, hard disk drives
|
|
Industrial
|
|
|
17%
|
|
|
Ballast
lighting, power supplies, DC-DC conversion, security/access systems,
motor
controls, HVAC
|
|
Communications
|
|
|
7%
|
|
|
Gateways,
routers, switches, hubs, fiber optics, DSL, cable and standard modems,
networking (wireless, ethernet, power/phone line
|
)
|
Automotives
|
|
|
4%
|
|
|
Comfort
controls, audio/video players, GPS navigation, safety, security,
satellite
radios, engine controls, HID lighting
|
|
PRODUCT
PACKAGING
Our
device packaging technology includes a wide variety of surface-mount and leaded
types. Our focus on the development of smaller, more thermally efficient, and
increasingly integrated packaging, is an important component of our product
development. We provide a comprehensive offering of miniature and sub-miniature
packaging, enabling us to fit discrete components into smaller and more
efficient packages, while maintaining the same device functionality and power
handling capabilities. Smaller packaging provides a reduction in the height
and
weight of, and in the board space required for, our components and is well
suited for battery-powered, hand-held and wireless consumer applications such
as
digital audio players, notebook computers, flat-panel displays, mobile handsets,
digital cameras and set-top boxes.
CUSTOMERS
We
serve
over 150 direct customers worldwide, which consist of OEMs and EMS providers.
Additionally, we have 17 distributor customers worldwide, through which we
indirectly serve over 10,000 customers. Our customers include: (i) industry
leading OEMs in a broad range of industries, such as Bose Corporation, Honeywell
International, Inc., LG Electronics, Inc., Logitech, Inc., Motorola, Inc.,
Quanta Computer, Inc., Sagem Communication, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. and
Thompson, Inc.; (ii) leading EMS providers, such as Celestica, Inc.,
Flextronics International, Ltd., Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd., Inventec
Corporation, Jabil Circuit, Inc., Sanmina-SCI Corporation and Solectron
Corporation, who build end-market products incorporating our semiconductors
for
companies such as Apple Computer, Inc., Cisco Systems, Inc., Dell, Inc., EMC
Corporation, Intel Corporation, Microsoft Corporation and Roche Diagnostics;
and
(iii) leading distributors such as Arrow Electronics, Inc., Avnet, Inc.,
Future Electronics and Yosun Industrial Corp. For 2004 and 2005, our OEM and
EMS
customers together accounted for 66.3% and 69.5%, respectively, of our net
sales.
For
the
year ended December 31, 2004 and December 31, 2005, Lite-On Semiconductor
Corporation (LSC), which is also our largest stockholder, (owning approximately
22.9% of our Common Stock as of December 31, 2005), accounted for approximately
11.1% and 9.6%, respectively, of our net sales. Additionally, other members
of
The Lite-On Group of companies accounted for 3.3% and 4.2% of our net sales,
respectively, in 2004 and 2005. No other customer accounted for 10% or more
of
our net sales in 2004 and 2005. Also, 17.2% and 14.7% of our net sales were
from
the subsequent sale of products we purchased from LSC in 2004 and 2005,
respectively. We believe each member of The Lite On Group of companies makes
independent purchasing decisions.
We
believe that our close relationships with our OEM and EMS customers have
provided us with deeper insight into our customers’ product needs than other
manufacturers who we believe depend to a greater extent on indirect sales
through distributors. In addition to seeking to expand relationships with our
existing customers, our strategy is to pursue new customers and diversify our
customer base by focusing on leading global consumer electronics companies
and
their EMS providers and distributors.
We
generally warrant that products sold to our customers will, at the time of
shipment, be free from defects in workmanship and materials and conform to
our
approved specifications. Subject to certain exceptions, our standard warranty
extends for a period of one year from the date of shipment. Warranty expense
to
date has not been significant. Generally, our customers may cancel orders on
short notice without incurring a significant penalty.
Many
of
our customers are based in Asia. Net sales by country consists of sales to
customers assigned to that country based on the country to which the product
is
shipped. For the year ended December 31, 2005, 31.7%, 27.9%, 25.6% and
14.8% of our net sales were derived from China, Taiwan, the United States and
all other markets, respectively, compared to 23.9%, 27.3%, 28.7% and 20.1%,
respectively for 2004.
SALES
AND MARKETING
We
market
and sell our products worldwide through a combination of direct sales and
marketing personnel, independent sales representatives and distributors. We
have
direct sales personnel in the United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany,
Taiwan and China. We also have independent sales representatives in the United
States, Japan, Korea, and Europe. We currently have distributors in the United
States, Europe and Asia.
As
of
December 31, 2005, our direct global sales and marketing organization consisted
of over 90 employees operating out of 14 offices. We have sales and
marketing offices or representatives in Taipei, Taiwan; Shanghai and Shenzhen,
China; Hong Kong; Derbyshire, England; Toulouse, France; Frankfurt, Germany;
and
we have five regional sales offices in the United States. As of
December 31, 2005, we also had 25 independent sales representative firms
marketing our products.
Our
marketing group focuses on our product strategy, product development road map,
new product introduction process, demand assessment and competitive analysis.
Our marketing programs include participation in industry tradeshows, technical
conferences and technology seminars, sales training and public relations. The
marketing group works closely with our sales and research and development groups
to align our product development road map. The marketing group coordinates
its
efforts with our product development, operations and sales groups, as well
as
with our customers, sales representatives and distributors. We support our
customers through our field application engineering and customer support
organizations.
To
support our global customer-base, our website is language-selectable into
English, Chinese, and Korean, giving us an effective marketing tool for
worldwide markets. With its extensive online product catalog with advanced
search capabilities, our website facilitates quick and easy product selection.
Our website provides easy access to our worldwide sales contacts and customer
support, and incorporates a distributor-inventory check to provide component
inventory availability and a small order desk for overnight sample fulfillment.
Our website also provides access to investor financial information and our
corporate governance information.
MANUFACTURING
OPERATIONS AND FACILITIES
We
operate three manufacturing facilities, two of which are located in Shanghai,
China. The third is located in Kansas City, Missouri. Our facilities in Shanghai
perform packaging, assembly and testing functions, and our Kansas City facility
is a 5-inch wafer foundry.
As
of
December 31, 2005, we had invested approximately $95.7 million in
plant and state-of-the-art equipment in China. Both of our Chinese factories
manufacture product for sale by our U.S. and Asian operations, and also sell
to
external customers as well. Silicon wafers are received and inspected in a
highly controlled “clean room” environment awaiting the assembly operation. At
the first step of assembly, the wafers are sawn with very thin, high speed
diamond blades into tiny semiconductor “dice”, numbering as many as
170,000 per 5-inch diameter wafer. Dice are then loaded onto a handler,
which automatically places the dice, one by one, onto lead frames, which are
package specific, where they are bonded to the lead-frame pad. Next, automatic
wire bonders make the necessary electrical connections from the die to the
leads
of the lead-frame, using micro-thin gold wire. Our fully automated assembly
machinery then molds the epoxy case around the die and lead-frame to produce
the
desired semiconductor product. After a trim, form, test, mark and re-test
operation, the parts are placed into special carrier housings and a cover tape
seals the parts in place. The taped parts are then spooled onto reels and boxed
for shipment.
Our
manufacturing processes use many raw materials, including silicon wafers, copper
lead frames, gold wire and other metals, molding compound, ceramic packages
and
various chemicals and gases. We have no material agreements with any of our
suppliers that impose minimum or continuing supply obligations. From time to
time, suppliers may extend lead times, limit supplies or increase prices due
to
capacity constraints or other factors. Although we believe that supplies of
the
raw materials we use are currently and will continue to be available, shortages
could occur in various essential materials due to interruption of supply or
increased demand in the industry.
In
the
United States, our corporate headquarters are located in a leased facility
in
Westlake Village, California, approximately 30 miles from Los Angeles. We
also lease or own properties around the world for use as sales offices, research
and development labs, warehouses and logistic centers. The size and/or location
of these properties change from time to time based on business requirements.
Our
current properties are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Approximate
|
Location
|
|
Use
|
|
size
(sq. ft.)
|
|
|
Westlake
Village, CA
|
|
Global
headquarters, warehouse
|
|
|
30,900
|
|
|
Manufacturing:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shanghai,
China (Plant 1)
|
|
Manufacturing
(packaging, assembly and test), research and development,
engineering
|
|
|
145,300
|
|
Shanghai,
China (Plant 2)
|
|
Manufacturing
(packaging, assembly and test) research and development,
engineering
|
|
|
74,300
|
|
|
Kansas
City, MO
|
|
Wafer
fabrication (5”), research and development, engineering, sales and
marketing
|
|
|
70,000
|
|
Others:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Taipei,
Taiwan
|
|
Warehouse
|
|
|
9,000
|
|
Taipei,
Taiwan
|
|
Sales
and administrative offices
|
|
|
7,000
|
|
Shanghai,
China
|
|
Regional
offices
|
|
|
*
|
|
Shenzhen,
China
|
|
Regional
offices
|
|
|
*
|
|
Kowloon,
Hong Kong
|
|
Sales,
warehousing and logistics office
|
|
|
*
|
|
Toulouse,
France
|
|
Regional
sales office
|
|
|
*
|
|
Amherst,
NH
|
|
Regional
sales office
|
|
|
*
|
|
Lemont,
IL
|
|
Regional
sales office
|
|
|
*
|
|
Fountain
Valley, CA
|
|
Regional
sales office
|
|
|
*
|
|
Brookline,
NH
|
|
Regional
sales office
|
|
|
*
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
Less than 1,000 square feet.
BACKLOG
The
amount of backlog to be shipped during any period is dependent upon various
factors, and all orders are subject to cancellation or modification, usually
with no penalty to the customer. Orders are generally booked from one to twelve
months in advance of delivery. The rate of booking of new orders can vary
significantly from month to month. We, and the industry as a whole, are
experiencing a trend towards shorter lead-times. The amount of backlog at any
date depends upon various factors, including the timing of the receipt of
orders, fluctuations in orders of existing product lines, and the introduction
of any new lines. Accordingly, we believe that the amount of our backlog at
any
date is not a particularly useful measure of our future sales. We strive to
maintain proper inventory levels to support our customers’ just-in-time order
expectations.
PATENTS,
TRADEMARKS AND LICENSES
Although
patents and trademarks have not been material to our business to date, they
may
become more significant in the future, particularly as they relate to our
packaging and analog technologies.
Currently,
we do not license our patents or products. We do, however, license certain
product technology from other companies, but we do not consider any of the
licensed technology to be material in terms of royalties. We believe the
duration and other terms of the licenses are appropriate for our current needs.
COMPETITION
Numerous
semiconductor manufacturers and distributors serve the discrete semiconductor
components market, making competition intense. Some of our larger competitors
include Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation, Infineon Technologies A.G.,
International Rectifier Corporation, ON Semiconductor Corporation, Philips
Electronics N.V., Rohm Electronics USA, LLC, Toshiba Corporation and Vishay
Intertechnology, Inc., many of which have greater financial, marketing,
distribution and other resources than us. Accordingly, in response to market
conditions, we from time to time may reposition product lines or decrease
prices, which may affect our sales of, and profit margins on, such product
lines. The price and quality of the product, and our ability to design products
and deliver customer service in keeping with the customers’ needs, determine the
competitiveness of our products. We believe that our product focus and our
flexibility and ability to quickly adapt to customer needs affords us
competitive advantages. Nevertheless, we expect that competition with larger
rivals will continue to be a challenge.
ENGINEERING
AND RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Our
engineering and research and development groups consist of customer and
applications engineers and product development engineers who assist in
determining the direction of our future product lines. Their primary function
is
to work closely with market-leading customers to further refine, expand and
improve our product range within our product types and packages. In addition,
customer requirements and acceptance of new package types are assessed and
new,
higher-density and more energy-efficient packages are developed to satisfy
customers’ needs. Working with customers to integrate multiple types of
technologies within the same package, our applications engineers strive to
reduce the required number of components and, thus, circuit board size
requirements of a device, while increasing the functionality of the component
technology.
Product
engineers work directly with our semiconductor wafer design and process
engineers who craft die designs needed for products that precisely match our
customers’ requirements. Direct contact with our manufacturing facilities allows
the manufacturing of products that are in line with current technical
requirements. We have the capability to capture the customer’s electrical and
packaging requirements through their product development engineers, and then
transfer those requirements to our research and development and engineering
department, so that the customer’s requirements can be translated, designed, and
manufactured with full control, even to the elemental silicon
level.
For
the
years ended December 31, 2004 and 2005, investment in research and
development was $3.4 million and $3.7 million, respectively. As a
percentage of net sales, research and development expense was 1.8% and 1.7%
for
2004 and 2005, respectively. We anticipate research and development in absolute
dollars and as a percentage of net sales to increase as we further develop
proprietary technology.
EMPLOYEES
As
of
December 31, 2005, we employed a total of 1,621 employees, of which 1,322 of
our
employees were in Asia, 293 were in the United States and six were in Europe.
None of our employees is subject to a collective bargaining agreement. We
consider our relations with our employees to be good.
ENVIRONMENTAL
MATTERS
We
are
subject to a variety of U.S. federal, state, local and foreign governmental
laws, rules and regulations related to the use, storage, handling, discharge
or
disposal of certain toxic, volatile or otherwise hazardous chemicals used in
our
manufacturing process both in the United States where our wafer fabrication
facility is located, and in China where our assembly, test and packaging
facilities are located. Any of these regulations could require us to acquire
equipment or to incur substantial other expenses to comply with environmental
regulations. As of December 31, 2005, there were no known environmental claims
or recorded liabilities.
CERTAIN
RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
We
conduct business with two related party companies, LSC (and its subsidiaries
and
affiliates) and Keylink International (formerly Xing International) (and
its
subsidiaries). LSC is our largest stockholder and owned 22.9% of our outstanding
Common Stock as of December 31, 2005. Keylink International is our 5% joint
venture partner in Diodes-China and Diodes-Shanghai. C.H. Chen, our previous
President and Chief Executive Officer, and Vice Chairman of our Board of
Directors, is also Vice Chairman of LSC. M.K. Lu, a member of our Board of
Directors, is President of LSC, while Dr. Shing Mao, who is one of our
directors, retired in 2000 as Chairman of the board of Lite-On Milpitas,
a
wholly-owned subsidiary of Taiwan Lite-On which merged with Lite-On Technology
Corporation in 2002. Dr. Mao was also a director of LSC from 1989 to 2000.
In
addition, Raymond Soong, the Chairman of our Board of Directors, is the Chairman
of Lite-On Technology Corporation, a significant shareholder of LSC, as well
as
Chairman of LSC. In connection with our 2005 follow-on public offering, LSC
sold
750,000 shares (1,125,000 split-adjusted shares at December 1, 2005), reducing
its holdings of our Common Stock to 5,777,187 shares (split adjusted). We
did
not receive any of the proceeds from their sale of our Common Stock.
The
Audit
Committee of our Board of Director reviews all related party transactions for
potential conflict of interest situations, and approves all such transactions,
in accordance with such procedures as it may adopt from time to time. We believe
that all related party transactions are on terms no less favorable to us than
would be obtained from unaffiliated third parties.
In
2005,
we sold silicon wafers to LSC totaling 9.6% (11.1% in 2004 and 10.7% in 2003)
of
our sales, making LSC our largest customer. Also for 2005, 14.7% (17.2% in
2004
and 17.3% in 2003) of our sales were from discrete semiconductor products
purchased from LSC for subsequent sale by us, making LSC our largest outside
supplier. In addition, companies affiliated with LSC, which we refer to
collectively as The Lite-On Group, accounted for 2.5%, 3.3% and 4.2% of our
net
sales, respectively, in 2003, 2004 and 2005. We also rent warehouse space in
Hong Kong from a member of The Lite-On Group, which also provides us with
warehousing services at that location. For 2003, 2004 and 2005 we reimbursed
this entity in aggregate amounts of $112,000, $190,000 and $288,000,
respectively, for these items. Such transactions are on terms no less favorable
to us than could be obtained from unaffiliated third parties. The Audit
Committee of the Board of Directors has approved the arrangements we have with
these related party transactions.
In
December 2000, we acquired a wafer foundry, FabTech, Inc., from LSC. As part
of
the purchase price, LSC received a subordinated, interest-bearing note
receivable in a principal amount of $13.5 million, of which approximately
$2.5 million and $0, respectively, was outstanding as of December 31, 2004
and December 31, 2005. In May 2002, we renegotiated the terms of the note
to extend the payment period from two years to four years, and, as a result,
monthly payments of approximately $208,000 plus interest began in July 2002.
In
connection with the acquisition, LSC entered into a volume purchase agreement
to
purchase wafers from FabTech. In addition, in accordance with the terms of
the
acquisition, we also entered into several management incentive agreements with
members of FabTech’s management. The agreements provided members of FabTech’s
management with guaranteed annual payments as well as contingent bonuses based
on the annual profitability of FabTech, subject to a maximum annual amount.
Any
portion of the guaranteed and contingent liability paid by FabTech was
reimbursed by LSC. The final year of the management incentive agreements was
2004, with final payment made on March 31, 2005. LSC reimbursed us in the
amount of $375,000 for each of 2002, 2003 and 2004, for bonuses paid by us
under
these management incentive agreements.
In
2005,
we sold silicon wafers to companies owned by Keylink International totaling
0.6%
(0.9% in 2004 and 1.1% in 2003) of our sales. Also for 2005, 3.0% (3.5% in
2004
and 4.6% in 2003) of our sales were from discrete semiconductor products
purchased from companies owned by Keylink International. In addition,
Diodes-China and Diodes-Shanghai lease their manufacturing facilities from,
and
subcontract a portion of their manufacturing process (metal plating and
environmental services) to, Keylink International. We also pay a consulting
fee
to Keylink International. In 2003, 2004 and 2005, we paid Keylink International
an aggregate of $3.5 million, $4.8 million and $6.6 million,
respectively, with respect to these items. We believe such transactions are
on
terms no less favorable to us than could be obtained from unaffiliated third
parties. The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors has approved the
contracts associated with these related party transactions.
On
December 20, 2005, we announced we signed a definitive stock purchase agreement
to acquire Anachip Corporation, a Taiwanese fabless analog IC company, and
headquartered in the Hsinchu Science Park in Taiwan. The selling shareholders
included LSC (which owned approximately 60% of Anachip’s outstanding capital
stock), and two Taiwanese venture capital firms (together owning approximately
20% of Anachip’s stock), as well as current and former Anachip
employees.
At
December 31, 2005, we had purchased an aggregate of 9,433,613 shares (or
approximately 18.9%) of the 50,000,000 outstanding shares of the capital stock
of Anachip. On January 10, 2006, (the closing date of the acquisition) we
purchased an additional 40,470,212 shares and therefore, we now hold
approximately 99.81% of the Anachip capital stock.
REPORTING
SEGMENT
For
financial reporting purposes, the Company is deemed to engage in one industry
segment: discrete semiconductors. See Note 11 of “Notes to Consolidated
Financial Statements” for a more detailed discussion.
FINANCIAL
INFORMATION ABOUT GEOGRAPHIC AREAS
We
sell
product primarily through our operations in North America, Asia and Europe.
See
Note 11 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” for a description of our
geographic information.
FINANCIAL
INFORMATION ABOUT FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC OPERATIONS AND EXPORT
SALES
With
respect to foreign operations, see Notes 1 and 11 of “Notes to Consolidated
Financial Statements.”
Available
Information
Our
website address is http://www.diodes.com.
We make
available, free of charge through our website, our Annual Reports on Form 10-K,
Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, Proxy Statements,
and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a)
or
15(d) of the Exchange Act as soon as reasonably practicable after such material
is electronically filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the “SEC”).
Our
filings may also be read and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 450
Fifth Street, NW, Washington, DC 20549. Information on the operation of the
Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330.
The
SEC also maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information
statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically
with the SEC. The address of that site is www.sec.gov.
To
support our global customer base, our website is language-selectable into
English, Chinese, and Korean, giving us an effective marketing tool for
worldwide markets. With its extensive online Product (Parametric) Catalog
with
advanced search capabilities, our website facilitates quick and easy product
selection. Our website provides easy access to world-wide sales contacts
and
customer support, and incorporates a distributor-inventory check to provide
component inventory availability and a small order desk for overnight sample
fulfillment. Our website also provides access to current and complete investor
financial information and corporate governance information including our
Code of
Business Conduct, as well as SEC filings and press releases, and stock
quotes.
Cautionary
Statement for Purposes of the “Safe Harbor” Provision of the Private Securities
Litigation Reform Act of 1995
Many
of
the statements included in this Annual
Report on Form 10-K
contain
forward-looking statements and information relating to our company. We generally
identify forward-looking statements by the use of terminology such as “may,”
“will,” “could,” “should,” “potential,” “continue,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,”
“estimate,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “project,” or similar phrases or the
negatives of such terms. We base these statements on our beliefs as well
as
assumptions we made using information currently available to us. Such statements
are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including those identified
in “Risk Factors,” as well as other matters not yet known to us or not currently
considered material by us. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties
materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results
may vary materially from those anticipated, estimated or projected. Given
these
risks and uncertainties, prospective investors are cautioned not to place
undue
reliance on such forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements do
not
guarantee future performance and should not be considered as statements of
fact.
You
should not unduly rely on these forward-looking statements, which speak only
as
of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Unless required by law, we
undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking
statements to reflect new information or future events or otherwise.
The
Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the “Act”) provides certain
“safe harbor” provisions for forward-looking statements. All forward-looking
statements made on this Annual Report on Form 10-K are made pursuant to the
Act.
Item
1A. Risk
Factors
RISKS
RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS
Downturns
in the highly cyclical semiconductor industry or changes in end-market demand
could affect our operating results and financial
condition.
The
semiconductor industry is highly cyclical, and periodically experiences
significant economic downturns characterized by diminished product demand,
production overcapacity and excess inventory, which can result in rapid erosion
in average selling prices. For example, beginning in the fourth quarter of
2000
and continuing into 2003, the semiconductor industry experienced order
cancellations and reduced demand for products, resulting in significant revenue
declines, due to excess inventories at computer and telecommunications equipment
manufacturers and general economic conditions, especially in the technology
sector. The market for semiconductors may experience renewed, and possibly
more
severe and prolonged downturns in the future, which may harm our results
of
operations and reduce the value of our business.
In
addition, we operate in the discrete (and now analog) semiconductor segment
of
the broader semiconductor market and, as a result, cyclical fluctuations may
affect this segment to a greater extent than they do the broader semiconductor
market. This may cause us to experience greater fluctuations in our results
of
operations than compared to some of our broadline semiconductor manufacturer
competitors. In addition, we may experience significant changes in our
profitability as a result of variations in sales, changes in product mix,
changes in end-user markets and the costs associated with the introduction
of
new products. The markets for our products depend on continued demand in the
consumer electronics, computer, industrial, communications and automotive
sectors. These end-user markets also tend to be cyclical and may also experience
changes in demand that could adversely affect our operating results and
financial condition.
The
semiconductor business is highly competitive, and increased competition may
harm
our business and our operating results.
The
semiconductor segments of the semiconductor industry in which we operate are
highly competitive. We expect intensified competition from existing competitors
and new entrants. Competition is based on price, product performance, product
availability, quality, reliability and customer service. We compete in various
markets with companies of various sizes, many of which are larger and have
greater resources or capabilities as it relates to financial, marketing,
distribution, brand name recognition, research and development, manufacturing
and other resources than we have. As a result, they may be better able to
develop new products, market their products, pursue acquisition candidates
and
withstand adverse economic or market conditions. Most of our current major
competitors are broadline semiconductor manufacturers who often have a wider
range of product types and technologies than we do. In addition, companies
not
currently in direct competition with us may introduce competing products in
the
future. Some of our current major competitors are Fairchild Semiconductor
Corporation, International Rectifier Corporation, ON Semiconductor Corporation,
Philips Electronics N.V., Rohm Electronics USA LLC, and Vishay Intertechnology,
Inc. We may not be able to compete successfully in the future, and competitive
pressures may harm our financial condition or our operating
results.
We
receive a significant portion of our net sales from a single customer. In
addition, this customer is also our largest external supplier and is a related
party. The loss of this customer or supplier could harm our business and results
of operations.
In
2004
and 2005, LSC, our largest stockholder and our largest customer, accounted
for
11.1% and 9.6%, respectively, of our net sales. LSC is also our largest
supplier, providing us with discrete semiconductor products for subsequent
sale
by us, which represented approximately 14.7% and 17.2%, respectively, of our
net
sales, in 2004 and 2005. The loss of LSC as either a customer or a supplier,
or
any significant reduction in either the amount of product it supplies to us,
or
the volume of orders it places with us, could materially harm our business
and
results of operations.
Delays
in initiation of production at new facilities, implementing new production
techniques or resolving problems associated with technical equipment
malfunctions could adversely affect our manufacturing
efficiencies.
Our
manufacturing efficiency has been and will be an important factor in our future
profitability, and we may not be able to maintain or increase our manufacturing
efficiency. Our manufacturing and testing processes are complex, require
advanced and costly equipment and are continually being modified in our efforts
to improve yields and product performance. Difficulties in the manufacturing
process can lower yields. Technical or other problems could lead to production
delays, order cancellations and lost revenue. In addition, any problems in
achieving acceptable yields, construction delays, or other problems in upgrading
or expanding existing facilities, building new facilities, problems in bringing
other new manufacturing capacity to full production or changing our process
technologies, could also result in capacity constraints, production delays
and a
loss of future revenues and customers. Our operating results also could be
adversely affected by any increase in fixed costs and operating expenses related
to increases in production capacity if net sales do not increase
proportionately, or in the event of a decline in demand for our
products.
Our
wafer
fabrication facility is located in Kansas City, Missouri, while our facilities
in Shanghai, China provide assembly, test and packaging capabilities. Any
disruption of operations at these facilities could have a material adverse
effect on our business, financial condition and results of
operations.
We
are and will continue to be under continuous pressure from our customers
and
competitors to reduce the price of our products, which could adversely
affect
our growth and profit margins.
Prices
for our products tend to decrease over their life cycle. There is substantial
and continuing pressure from customers to reduce the total cost of purchasing
our products. To remain competitive and retain our customers and gain new
ones,
we must continue to reduce our costs through product and manufacturing
improvements. We must also strive to minimize our customers’ shipping and
inventory financing costs and to meet their other goals for rationalization
of
supply and production. We experienced an annual decrease in average selling
prices for our products of 3.1% and 15.0% for 2004 and 2005, respectively.
At
times, average selling prices for some of our standard discrete semiconductors
have been below our costs. Our growth and the profit margins of our products
will suffer if we cannot effectively continue to reduce our costs and keep
our
product prices competitive.
Our
customer orders are subject to cancellation or modification usually with no
penalty. High volumes of order cancellation or reductions in quantities ordered
could adversely affect our results of operations and financial
condition.
All
of
our customer orders are subject to cancellation or modification, usually with
no
penalty to the customer. Orders are generally made on a purchase order basis,
rather than pursuant to long-term supply contracts, and are booked from one
to
twelve months in advance of delivery. The rate of booking new orders can vary
significantly from month to month. We, and the semiconductor industry as a
whole, are experiencing a trend towards shorter lead-times, which is the amount
of time between the date a customer places an order and the date the customer
requires shipment. Furthermore, our industry is subject to rapid changes in
customer outlook and periods of excess inventory due to changes in demand in
the
end markets our industry serves. As a result, many of our purchase orders are
revised, and may be cancelled, with little or no penalty and with little or
no
notice. However, we must still commit production and other resources to
fulfilling these orders even though they may ultimately be cancelled. If a
significant number of orders are cancelled or product quantities ordered are
reduced, and we are unable to timely generate replacement orders, we may build
up excess inventory and our results of operations and financial condition may
suffer.
New
technologies could result in the development of new products by our competitors
and a decrease in demand for our products, and we may not be able to develop
new
products to satisfy changes in demand, which could result in a decrease in
net
sales and loss of market share.
Our
product range and new product development program is focused on discrete and
analog semiconductor products. Our failure to develop new technologies, or
anticipate or react to changes in existing technologies, either within or
outside of the discrete semiconductor market, could materially delay development
of new products, which could result in a decrease in our net sales and a loss
of
market share to our competitors. The semiconductor industry is characterized
by
rapidly changing technologies and industry standards, together with frequent
new
product introductions. This includes the development of new types of technology
or the improvement of existing technologies, such as analog and digital
technologies that compete with, or seek to replace discrete semiconductor
technology. Our financial performance depends on our ability to design, develop,
manufacture, assemble, test, market and support new products and product
enhancements on a timely and cost-effective basis. New products often command
higher prices and, as a result, higher profit margins. We may not successfully
identify new product opportunities or develop and bring new products to market
or succeed in selling them into new customer applications in a timely and
cost-effective manner.
Products
or technologies developed by other companies may render our products or
technologies obsolete or noncompetitive and, since we operate primarily in
the
discrete segment of the broader semiconductor industry, this may have a greater
effect on us than it would if we were a broad-line semiconductor manufacturer
with a wider range of product types and technologies. Many of our competitors
are larger and more established international companies with greater engineering
and research and development resources than us. Our failure to identify or
capitalize on any fundamental shifts in technologies in our product markets,
relative to our competitors, could harm our business, have a material adverse
effect on our competitive position within our industry and harm our
relationships with our customers. In addition, to remain competitive, we must
continue to reduce package sizes, improve manufacturing yields and expand our
sales. We may not be able to accomplish these goals, which could harm our
business.
We
may be subject to claims of infringement of third-party intellectual property
rights or demands that we license third-party technology, which could result
in
significant expense and reduction in our intellectual property
rights.
The
semiconductor industry is characterized by vigorous protection and pursuit
of
intellectual property rights. From time to time, third parties have asserted,
and may in the future assert, patent, copyright, trademark and other
intellectual property rights to technologies that are important to our business
and have demanded, and may in the future demand, that we license their patents
and technology. Any litigation to determine the validity of allegations that
our
products infringe or may infringe these rights, including claims arising through
our contractual indemnification of our customers, or claims challenging the
validity of our patents, regardless of its merit or resolution, could be costly
and divert the efforts and attention of our management and technical personnel.
We may not prevail in litigation given the complex technical issues and inherent
uncertainties in intellectual property litigation. If litigation results in
an
adverse ruling we could be required to:
Ø |
pay
substantial damages for past, present and future use of the infringing
technology;
|
Ø |
cease
the manufacture, use or sale of infringing
products;
|
Ø |
discontinue
the use of infringing technology;
|
Ø |
expend
significant resources to develop non-infringing
technology;
|
Ø |
pay
substantial damages to our customers or end-users to discontinue
use or
replace infringing technology with non-infringing
technology;
|
Ø |
license
technology from the third party claiming infringement, which
license may
not be available on commercially reasonable terms, or at
all; or
|
Ø |
relinquish
intellectual property rights associated with one or more of our
patent
claims, if such claims are held invalid or otherwise
unenforceable.
|
We
depend on third-party suppliers for timely deliveries of raw materials, parts
and equipment, as well as finished products from other manufacturers, and our
results of operations could be adversely affected if we are unable to obtain
adequate supplies in a timely manner.
Our
manufacturing operations depend upon obtaining adequate supplies of raw
materials, parts and equipment on a timely basis from third parties. Our results
of operations could be adversely affected if we are unable to obtain adequate
supplies of raw materials, parts and equipment in a timely manner or if the
costs of raw materials, parts or equipment were to increase significantly.
Our
business could also be adversely affected if there is a significant degradation
in the quality of raw materials used in our products, or if the raw materials
give rise to compatibility or performance issues in our products, any of which
could lead to an increase in customer returns or product warranty claims.
Although we maintain rigorous quality control systems, errors or defects may
arise from a supplied raw material and be beyond our detection or control.
Any
interruption in, or change in quality of, the supply of raw materials, parts
or
equipment needed to manufacture our products could adversely affect our business
and harm our results of operations and our reputation with our
customers.
In
addition, we sell finished products from other manufacturers. Our business
could
also be adversely affected if there is a significant degradation in the quality
of these products. From time to time, such manufacturers may extend lead-times,
limit supplies or increase prices due to capacity constraints or other factors.
We have no long-term purchase contracts with any of these manufacturers and,
therefore, have no contractual assurances of continued supply, pricing or access
to finished products that we sell, and any such manufacturer could discontinue
supplying to us at any time. Additionally, some of our suppliers of finished
products or wafers compete directly with us and may in the future choose not
to
supply products to us.
If
we do not succeed in continuing to vertically integrate our business, we will
not realize the cost and other efficiencies we anticipate and our ability to
compete, profit margins and results of operations may
suffer.
We
are
continuing to vertically integrate our business. Key elements of this strategy
include continuing to expand the reach of our sales organization, expand our
manufacturing capacity, expand our wafer foundry and research and development
capability and expand our marketing, product development, package development
and assembly/testing operations in company-owned facilities or through the
acquisition of established contractors. There are certain risks associated
with
our vertical integration strategy, including:
Ø |
difficulties
associated with owning a manufacturing business, including, but not
limited to, the maintenance and management of manufacturing facilities,
equipment, employees and inventories and limitations on the flexibility
of
controlling overhead;
|
Ø |
difficulties
in continuing expansion of our operations in Asia and Europe, because
of
the distance from our U.S. headquarters and differing regulatory and
cultural environments;
|
Ø |
the
need for skills and techniques that are outside our traditional core
expertise;
|
Ø |
less
flexibility in shifting manufacturing or supply sources from one
region to
another;
|
Ø |
even
when
independent suppliers offer lower prices, we would continue to acquire
wafers from our captive manufacturing facility, which may result
in us
having higher costs than our
competitors;
|
Ø |
difficulties
developing and implementing a successful research and development
team; and
|
Ø |
difficulties
developing, protecting, and gaining market acceptance of, our proprietary
technology.
|
The
risks
of becoming a fully integrated manufacturer are amplified in an industry-wide
slowdown because of the fixed costs associated with manufacturing facilities.
In
addition, we may not realize the cost, operating and other efficiencies that
we
expect from continued vertical integration. If we fail to successfully
vertically integrate our business, our ability to compete, profit margins and
results of operations may suffer.
Part
of our growth strategy involves identifying and acquiring companies with
complementary product lines or customers. We may be unable to identify
suitable
acquisition candidates or consummate desired acquisitions and, if we do
make any
acquisitions, we may be unable to successfully integrate any acquired companies
with our operations.
A
significant part of our growth strategy involves acquiring companies with
complementary product lines, customers or other capabilities. For example,
(i)
in fiscal year 2000, we acquired FabTech, a wafer fabrication company,
in order
to have our own wafer manufacturing capabilities, and (ii) in January 2006,
we
acquired Anachip as an entry into standard
logic markets.
While
we do not currently have any agreements in place, or any active negotiations
underway, with respect to any acquisition, we intend to continue to expand
and
diversify our operations by making further acquisitions. However, we may
be
unsuccessful in identifying suitable acquisition candidates, or we may
be unable
to consummate a desired acquisition. To the extent we do make acquisitions,
if
we are unsuccessful in integrating these companies or their operations
or
product lines with our operations, or if integration is more difficult
than
anticipated, we may experience disruptions that could have a material adverse
effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
In
addition, we may not realize all of the benefits we anticipate from any
such
acquisitions. Some of the risks that may affect our ability to integrate
or
realize any anticipated benefits from acquisitions that we may make include
those associated with:
Ø |
unexpected
losses of key employees or customers of the acquired
company;
|
Ø |
bringing
the acquired company’s standards, processes, procedures and controls into
conformance with our operations;
|
Ø |
coordinating
our new product and process
development;
|
Ø |
hiring
additional management and other critical
personnel;
|
Ø |
increasing
the scope, geographic diversity and complexity of our
operations;
|
Ø |
difficulties
in consolidating facilities and transferring processes and
know-how;
|
Ø |
difficulties
in reducing costs of the acquired entity’s
business;
|
Ø |
diversion
of management’s attention from the management of our
business; and
|
Ø |
adverse
effects on existing business relationships with
customers.
|
We
are subject to many environmental laws and regulations that could affect our
operations or result in significant expenses.
We
are
subject to a variety of U.S. federal, state, local and foreign governmental
laws, rules and regulations related to the use, storage, handling, discharge
or
disposal of certain toxic, volatile or otherwise hazardous chemicals used in
our
manufacturing process both in the United States where our wafer fabrication
facility is located, and in China where our assembly, test and packaging
facilities are located. Some of these regulations in the United States include
the Federal Clean Water Act, Clean Air Act, Resource Conservation and Recovery
Act, Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
and
similar state statutes and regulations. Any of these regulations could require
us to acquire equipment or to incur substantial other expenses to comply with
environmental regulations. If we were to incur such additional expenses, our
product costs could significantly increase, materially affecting our business,
financial condition and results of operations. Any failure to comply with
present or future environmental laws, rules and regulations could result in
fines, suspension of production or cessation of operations, any of which could
have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results
of operations. Our operations affected by such requirements include, among
others: the disposal of wastewater containing residues from our manufacturing
operations through publicly operated treatment works or sewer systems, and
which
may be subject to volume and chemical discharge limits and may also require
discharge permits; and the use, storage and disposal of materials that may
be
classified as toxic or hazardous. Any of these may result in, or may have
resulted in, environmental conditions for which we could be liable.
Some
environmental laws impose liability, sometimes without fault, for investigating
or cleaning up contamination on, or emanating from, our currently or formerly
owned, leased or operated properties, as well as for damages to property or
natural resources and for personal injury arising out of such contamination.
Such liability may also be joint and several, meaning that we could be held
responsible for more than our share of the liability involved, or even the
entire share. In addition, the presence of environmental contamination could
also interfere with ongoing operations or adversely affect our ability to sell
or lease our properties. Environmental requirements may also limit our ability
to identify suitable sites for new or expanded plants. Although we conduct
environmental due diligence on properties that we operate, our diligence may
not
have revealed all environmental conditions on those properties. Discovery of
additional contamination for which we are responsible, the enactment of new
laws
and regulations, or changes in how existing requirements are enforced, could
require us to incur additional costs for compliance or subject us to unexpected
liabilities.
Our
products may be found to be defective and, as a result, product liability
claims
may be asserted against us, which may harm our business and our reputation
with
our customers.
Our
products are typically sold at prices that are significantly lower than
the cost
of the equipment or other goods in which they are incorporated. For example,
our
products that are incorporated into a personal computer may be sold for
several
cents, whereas the computer maker might sell the personal computer for
several
hundred dollars. Although we maintain rigorous quality control systems,
we
shipped approximately 10.2 billion individual semiconductor devices in 2005
to customers around the world, and in the ordinary course of our business,
we
receive warranty claims for some of these products that are defective,
or that
do not perform to published specifications. Since a defect or failure in
our
products could give rise to failures in the end products that incorporate
them
(and consequential claims for damages against our customers from their
customers), we may face claims for damages that are disproportionate to
the
revenues and profits we receive from the products involved. In addition,
our
ability to reduce such liabilities may be limited by the laws or the customary
business practices of the countries where we do business. Even in cases
where we
do not believe we have legal liability for such claims, we may choose to
pay for
them to retain a customer’s business or goodwill or to settle claims to avoid
protracted litigation. Our results of operations and business could be
adversely
affected as a result of a significant quality or performance issue in our
products, if we are required or choose to pay for the damages that result.
Although we currently have product liability insurance, we may not have
sufficient insurance coverage, and we may not have sufficient resources,
to
satisfy all possible product liability claims. In addition, any perception
that
our products are defective would likely result in reduced sales of our
products,
loss of customers and harm to our business and reputation.
We
may fail to attract or retain the qualified technical, sales, marketing and
management personnel required to operate our business
successfully.
Our
future success depends, in part, upon our ability to attract and retain highly
qualified technical, sales, marketing and managerial personnel. Personnel with
the necessary expertise are scarce and competition for personnel with these
skills is intense. We may not be able to retain existing key technical, sales,
marketing and managerial employees or be successful in attracting, assimilating
or retaining other highly qualified technical, sales, marketing and managerial
personnel in the future. For example, we have faced, and continue to face,
intense competition for qualified technical and other personnel in Shanghai,
China, where our assembly, test and packaging facilities are located. A number
of U.S. and multi-national corporations, both in the semiconductor industry
and
in other industries, have recently established and are continuing to establish
factories and plants in Shanghai, China, and the competition for qualified
personnel has increased significantly as a result. If we are unable to retain
existing key employees or are unsuccessful in attracting new highly qualified
employees, our business, financial condition and results of operations could
be
materially and adversely affected.
We
may not be able to maintain our growth or achieve future growth and such growth
may place a strain on our management and on our systems and
resources.
Our
ability to successfully grow our business within the discrete and analog
semiconductor markets requires effective planning and management. Our past
growth, and our targeted future growth, may place a significant strain on our
management and on our systems and resources, including our financial and
managerial controls, reporting systems and procedures. In addition, we will
need
to continue to train and manage our workforce worldwide. If we are unable to
effectively plan and manage our growth effectively, our business and prospects
will be harmed and we will not be able to maintain our profit growth or achieve
future growth.
Our
business may be adversely affected by obsolete inventories as a result of
changes in demand for our products and change in life cycles of our
products.
The
life
cycles of some of our products depend heavily upon the life cycles of the end
products into which devices are designed. These types of end-market products
with short life cycles require us to manage closely our production and inventory
levels. Inventory may also become obsolete because of adverse changes in
end-market demand. We may in the future be adversely affected by obsolete or
excess inventories which may result from unanticipated changes in the estimated
total demand for our products or the estimated life cycles of the end products
into which our products are designed. In addition, some customers restrict
how
far back the date of manufacture for our products can be, and therefore some
of
our products inventory may become obsolete, and thus, adversely affect our
results of operations.
If
OEMs do not design our products into their applications, a portion of our
net
sales may be adversely affected.
We
expect
an increasingly significant portion of net sales will come from products
we
design specifically for our customers. However, we may be unable to achieve
these design wins. In addition, a design win from a customer does not
necessarily guarantee future sales to that customer. Without design wins
from
OEMs, we would only be able to sell our products to these OEMs as a second
source, which usually means we are only able to sell a limited amount of
product
to them. Once an OEM designs another supplier’s semiconductors into one of its
product platforms, it is more difficult for us to achieve future design
wins
with that OEM’s product platform because changing suppliers involves significant
cost, time, effort and risk to an OEM. Achieving a design win with a customer
does not ensure that we will receive significant revenues from that customer
and
we may be unable to convert design into actual sales. Even after a design
win,
the customer is not obligated to purchase our products and can choose at
any
time to stop using our products, if, for example, its own products are
not
commercially successful.
We
rely heavily on our internal electronic information and communications systems,
and any system outage could adversely affect our business and results of
operations.
All
of
our operations, other than FabTech and Anachip, operate on a single technology
platform. To manage our international operations efficiently and effectively,
we
rely heavily on our Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system, internal
electronic information and communications systems and on systems or support
services from third parties. Any of these systems are subject to electrical
or
telecommunications outages, computer hacking or other general system failure.
Difficulties in upgrading or expanding our ERP system or system-wide or local
failures that affect our information processing could have material adverse
effects on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash
flows.
We
are subject to interest rate risk that could have an adverse effect on our
cost
of working capital and interest expenses.
We
have
credit facilities with U.S. and Asian financial institutions, as well as other
debt instruments, with interest rates equal to LIBOR or similar indices plus
a
negotiated margin. A rise in interest rates could have an adverse impact upon
our cost of working capital and our interest expense. As of December 31,
2005, our outstanding interest-bearing debt was $10.7 million. An increase
of
1.0% in interest rates would increase our annual interest rate expense by
approximately $107,000.
If
we fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls or discover
material weaknesses in our internal controls over financial reporting, we may
not be able to report our financial results accurately or detect fraud, which
could harm our business and the trading price of our Common
Stock.
Effective
internal controls are necessary for us to produce reliable financial reports
and
are important in our effort to prevent financial fraud. We are required to
periodically evaluate the effectiveness of the design and operation of our
internal controls. These evaluations may result in the conclusion that
enhancements, modifications or changes to our internal controls are necessary
or
desirable. While management evaluates the effectiveness of our internal controls
on a regular basis, these controls may not always be effective. There are
inherent limitations on the effectiveness of internal controls including
collusion, management override, and failure of human judgment. Because of this,
control procedures are designed to reduce rather than eliminate business risks.
In connection with their audit of our financial statements, our independent
registered public accounting firm identified several deficiencies in our
internal controls, including a need for additional accounting personnel. If
we
fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls or if management
or
our independent registered public accounting firm were to discover material
weaknesses in our internal controls, we may be unable to produce reliable
financial reports or prevent fraud and it could harm our financial condition
and
results of operations and result in loss of investor confidence and a decline
in
our stock price.
Terrorist
attacks, or threats or occurrences of other terrorist activities whether in
the
United States or internationally may affect the markets in which our Common
Stock trades, the markets in which we operate and our
profitability.
Terrorist
attacks, or threats or occurrences of other terrorist or related activities,
whether in the United States or internationally, may affect the markets in
which
our Common Stock trades, the markets in which we operate and our profitability.
Future terrorist or related activities could affect our domestic and
international sales, disrupt our supply chains and impair our ability to produce
and deliver our products. Such activities could affect our physical facilities
or those of our suppliers or customers. Such terrorist attacks could cause
ports
or airports to or through which we ship to be shut down, thereby preventing
the
delivery of raw materials and finished goods to or from our manufacturing
facilities in Shanghai, China or Kansas City, Missouri, or to our regional
sales
offices. Due to the broad and uncertain effects that terrorist attacks have
had
on financial and economic markets generally, we cannot provide any estimate
of
how these activities might affect our future results.
RISKS
RELATED TO OUR INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS
Our
international
operations subject us to risks that could adversely affect our
operations.
We
expect
net sales from foreign markets to continue to represent a significant portion
of
our total net sales. In addition, the majority of our manufacturing facilities
are located overseas in China. In 2004 and 2005, net sales to customers
outside
the United States represented 71.3% and 74.4%, respectively, of our net
sales.
There are risks inherent in doing business internationally, and any or
all of
the following factors could cause harm to our business:
Ø |
changes
in, or impositions of, legislative or regulatory requirements,
including
tax laws in the United States and in the countries in which we
manufacture
or sell our products;
|
Ø |
compliance
with trade or other laws in a variety of
jurisdictions;
|
Ø |
trade
restrictions, transportation delays, work stoppages, and economic
and
political instability;
|
Ø |
changes
in import/export regulations, tariffs and freight
rates;
|
Ø |
difficulties
in collecting receivables and enforcing
contracts;
|
Ø |
currency
exchange rate fluctuations;
|
Ø |
restrictions
on the transfer of funds from foreign subsidiaries to the United
States;
|
Ø |
the
possibility of international conflict, particularly between or
among China
and Taiwan and the United States;
|
Ø |
legal
regulatory, political and cultural differences among the countries
in
which we do business; and
|
Ø |
longer
customer payment terms.
|
We
have significant operations and assets in China, Taiwan and Hong Kong and,
as a
result, will be subject to risks inherent in doing business in those
jurisdictions, which may adversely affect our financial
performance.
We
have a
significant portion of our assets in mainland China, Taiwan and Hong Kong.
Our
ability to operate in China, Taiwan and Hong Kong may be adversely affected
by
changes in those jurisdictions’ laws and regulations, including those relating
to taxation, import and export tariffs, environmental regulations, land use
rights, property and other matters. In addition, our results of operations
in
China, Taiwan and Hong Kong are subject to the economic and political situation
there. We believe that our operations in China, Taiwan and Hong Kong are in
compliance with all applicable legal and regulatory requirements. However,
the
central or local governments of these jurisdictions may impose new, stricter
regulations or interpretations of existing regulations that would require
additional expenditures and efforts on our part to ensure our compliance with
such regulations or interpretations.
Changes
in the political environment or government policies in those jurisdictions
could
result in revisions to laws or regulations or their interpretation and
enforcement, increased taxation, restrictions on imports, import duties or
currency revaluations. In addition, a significant destabilization of relations
between or among China, Taiwan or Hong Kong and the United States could result
in restrictions or prohibitions on our operations or the sale of our products
or
the forfeiture of our assets in these jurisdictions. There can be no certainty
as to the application of the laws and regulations of these jurisdictions in
particular instances. Enforcement of existing laws or agreements may be sporadic
and implementation and interpretation of laws inconsistent. Moreover, there
is a
high degree of fragmentation among regulatory authorities, resulting in
uncertainties as to which authorities have jurisdiction over particular parties
or transactions. The possibility of political conflict between these countries
or with the United States could have an adverse impact upon our ability to
transact business in these jurisdictions and to generate profits.
We
are subject to foreign currency risk as a result of our international
operations.
We
face
exposure to adverse movements in foreign currency exchange rates, primarily
to
some Asian currencies and, to a lesser extent, the Euro. For example, many
of
our employees, who are located in China are paid in the Chinese Yuan and,
accordingly, an increase in the value of the Yuan compared to the
U.S. dollar could increase our operating expenses. In addition, we sell our
products in various currencies and, accordingly, a decline in the value of
any
such currency against the U.S. dollar, which is our primary functional
currency, could create a decrease in our net sales. Our foreign currency risk
may change over time as the level of activity in foreign markets grows and
could
have an adverse impact upon our financial results. These currencies are
principally the Chinese Yuan, the Taiwanese dollar, the Japanese Yen, the Euro
and the Hong Kong dollar. The Chinese government has recently taken action
to
permit the Yuan to U.S. dollar exchange rate to fluctuate, which may
exacerbate our exposure to foreign currency risk and harm our results of
operations. We do not usually employ hedging techniques designed to mitigate
foreign currency exposures and, therefore, we could experience currency losses
as these currencies fluctuate against the U.S. dollar.
We
may not continue to receive preferential tax treatment in China, thereby
increasing our income tax expense and reducing our net
income.
As
an
incentive for establishing our first Shanghai-based manufacturing subsidiary,
which we refer to as Diodes-China, in 1996 and in accordance with the taxation
policies of China, Diodes-China, received preferential tax treatment for
the
years ended December 31, 1996 through December 31, 2005.
Diodes-China
is located in the Songjiang district, where the standard central government
tax
rate is 24.0%. However, as an incentive for establishing Diodes-China,
the
earnings of Diodes-China were subject to a 0% tax rate by the central
government from 1996 through 2000, and to a 12.0% tax rate from 2001 through
2005. For 2006 and future years, Diodes-China’s earnings will continue to be
subject to a 12.0% tax rate provided it exports at least 70.0% of its net
sales. In addition, due to an $18.5 million permanent re-investment of
Diodes-China earnings in 2004, Diodes-China has applied to the Chinese
government for additional preferential tax treatment on earnings that are
generated by this $18.5 million investment. If approved, those earnings
will be exempted from central government income tax for two years, and
then
subject to a 12.0% tax rate for the following three years.
In
addition, the earnings of Diodes-China would ordinarily be subject to a
standard
local government tax rate of 3.0%. However, as an incentive for establishing
Diodes-China the local government waived this tax from 1996 through 2005.
Management expects this tax to be waived for the year of 2006; however,
the
local government can re-impose this tax at any time at its
discretion.
In
2004,
we established our second Shanghai-based manufacturing facility,
Diodes-Shanghai, located in the Songjiang Export Zone of Shanghai, China. In
the
Songjiang Export Zone, the central government standard tax rate is 15.0%. There
is no local government tax. During 2004, Diodes-Shanghai earnings were subject
to the standard 15.0% central government tax rate. As an incentive for
establishing Diodes-Shanghai, for 2005 and 2006 the earnings of Diodes-Shanghai
are exempted from central government income tax, and for the years 2007 through
2009 its earnings will be subject to a 7.5% tax rate. From 2010 onward, provided
that Diodes-Shanghai exports over 70% of its net sales, its earnings will be
subject to a 10.0% tax rate.
We
may
not be able to continue receiving this preferential tax treatment, which may
cause an increase in our income tax expense, thereby reducing our net
income.
The
distribution
of any earnings of our foreign subsidiaries to the United States may be subject
to U.S. income taxes, thus reducing our net
income.
We
are
currently planning, and may in the future plan, to distribute earnings of our
foreign subsidiaries from Asia to the United States. We may be required to
pay
U.S. income taxes on these earnings to the extent we have not previously
recorded deferred U.S. taxes on such earnings. Any such taxes would reduce
our net income in the period in which these earnings are
distributed.
On
October 22, 2004, the American Jobs Creation Act, or AJCA, was signed into
law. Among other items, the AJCA establishes a phased repeal of the
extraterritorial income exclusion, a new incentive tax deduction for
U.S. corporations to repatriate cash from foreign subsidiaries equal to 85%
of cash dividends received in the year elected that exceeds a base-period
amount, and significantly revises the taxation of U.S. companies doing
business abroad.
At
December 31, 2004, the Company made a minimum estimate for repatriating cash
from its subsidiaries in China and Hong Kong of $8.0 million under the AJCA,
and
recorded an income tax expense of approximately $1.3 million. Under the
guidelines of the AJCA, the Company developed a required domestic reinvestment
plan, covering items such as U.S. bank debt repayment, U.S. capital expenditures
and U.S. research and development activities, among others, to cover the
dividend repatriation. During 2005, the Company completed a quantitative
analysis of the benefits of the AJCA, the foreign tax credit implications,
and
state and local tax consequences of the impact of the AJCA on the Company’s
plans for repatriation. Based on the analysis, the Company repatriated $24.0
million from its foreign subsidiaries in 2005.
The
Company is evaluating the need to provide additional deferred taxes for the
future earnings of its foreign subsidiaries to the extent such earnings may
be
appropriated for distribution to the Company’s corporate office in North
America, and as further investment strategies with respect to foreign earnings
are determined. Should the Company’s North American cash requirements exceed the
cash that is provided through the domestic credit facilities, cash can be
obtained from the Company’s foreign subsidiaries. However, the distribution of
any unappropriated funds to the U.S. will require the recording of income tax
provisions on the U.S. entity, thus reducing net income. As of December 31,
2005, the Company has recorded approximately $1.1 million in deferred taxes
for
earnings of its foreign subsidiaries.
RISKS
RELATED TO OUR COMMON STOCK
Variations
in our quarterly operating results may cause our stock price to be
volatile.
We
may
experience substantial variations in net sales, gross profit margin and
operating results from quarter to quarter. We believe that the factors
that
influence this variability of quarterly results include:
Ø |
general
economic conditions in the countries where we sell our
products;
|
Ø |
seasonality
and variability in the computing and communications market and
our other
end-markets;
|
Ø |
the
timing of our and our competitors’ new product
introductions;
|
Ø |
the
scheduling, rescheduling and cancellation of large orders by
our
customers;
|
Ø |
the
cyclical nature of demand for our customers’
products;
|
Ø |
our
ability to develop new process technologies and achieve volume
production
at our fabrication facilities;
|
Ø |
changes
in manufacturing yields;
|
Ø |
changes
in gross
profit margins due to the Anachip
acquisition;
|
Ø |
adverse
movements in exchange rates, interest rates or tax
rates; and
|
Ø |
the
availability of adequate supply commitments from our outside
suppliers or
subcontractors.
|
Accordingly,
a comparison of our results of operations from period to period is not
necessarily meaningful to investors and our results of operations for any period
do not necessarily indicate future performance. Variations in our quarterly
results may trigger volatile changes in our stock price.
We
may enter into future acquisitions and take certain actions in connection
with
such acquisitions that could affect the price of our Common
Stock.
As
part
of our growth strategy, we expect to review acquisition prospects that would
implement our vertical integration strategy or offer other growth opportunities.
While we have no current agreements and no active negotiations underway with
respect to any acquisitions, we may acquire businesses, products or technologies
in the future. In the event of future acquisitions, we could:
Ø |
use
a significant portion of our available
cash;
|
Ø |
issue
equity securities, which would dilute current stockholders’ percentage
ownership;
|
Ø |
incur
substantial debt;
|
Ø |
incur
or assume contingent liabilities, known or
unknown;
|
Ø |
incur
amortization expenses related to
intangibles; and
|
Ø |
incur
large, immediate accounting
write-offs.
|
Such
actions by us could harm our results from operations and adversely affect the
price of our Common Stock.
Our
directors, executive officers and significant stockholders hold a substantial
portion of our Common Stock, which may lead to conflicts with other stockholders
over corporate transactions and other corporate
matters.
Our
directors, executive officers and our affiliate, LSC, beneficially own
approximately 32% of our outstanding Common Stock, including options to purchase
shares of our Common Stock that are exercisable within 60 days of
December 31, 2005. These stockholders, acting together, will be able to
influence significantly all matters requiring stockholder approval, including
the election of directors and significant corporate transactions such as mergers
or other business combinations. This control may delay, deter or prevent a
third
party from acquiring or merging with us, which could adversely affect the market
price of our Common Stock.
LSC,
our
largest stockholder, owns approximately 22.9% (5,777,187 shares) of our Common
Stock. Some of our directors and executive officers may have potential conflicts
of interest because of their positions with LSC or their ownership of LSC Common
Stock. Some of our directors are LSC directors and officers, and our
non-employee Chairman of our Board of Directors is Chairman of the board of
LSC.
Several of our directors and executive officers own LSC Common Stock and hold
options to purchase LSC Common Stock. Service on our Board of Directors and
as a
director or officer of LSC, or ownership of LSC Common Stock by our directors
and executive officers, could create, or appear to create, actual or potential
conflicts of interest when directors and officers are faced with decisions
that
could have different implications for LSC and us. For example, potential
conflicts could arise in connection with decisions involving the Common Stock
owned by LSC, or under the other agreements we may enter into with LSC. LSC
was
our largest external supplier of discrete semiconductor products for subsequent
sale by us. In 2004 and 2005, approximately 14.7% and 17.2%, respectively,
of
our net sales were from products manufactured by LSC. In addition to being
our
largest external supplier of finished products in each of these periods, we
sold
silicon wafers to LSC totaling 11.1% and 9.6%, respectively, of our net sales
during such periods, making LSC our largest customer.
We
may
have difficulty resolving any potential conflicts of interest with LSC, and
even
if we do, the resolution may be less favorable than if we were dealing with
an
entirely unrelated third party.
Our
early corporate records are incomplete. As a result, we may have difficulty
in
assessing and defending against claims relating to rights to our Common Stock
purporting to arise during periods for which our records are
incomplete.
We
were
formed in 1959 under the laws of California and reincorporated in Delaware
in
1969. We have had several transfer agents over the past 46 years. In
addition, our early corporate records, including our stock ledger, are
incomplete. As a result, we may have difficulty in assessing and defending
against claims relating to rights to our Common Stock purporting to arise during
periods for which our records are incomplete.
Item
1B. Unresolved
Staff Comments
None
Item
2. Properties
The
Company’s primary physical properties during the year ended December 31, 2005
were as follows:
A. |
The
Company’s headquarters and product distribution center is located in an
industrial building at 3050 East Hillcrest Drive, Westlake Village,
CA
91362 USA, and consists of approximately 30,900 square feet. The
Company
is the primary lessee under a lease that has been extended three
years and
expires in 2009, at an amount of approximately $29,000 per month,
with a
5-year option.
|
B. |
Regional
sales offices located in the U.S., leased at less than $1,000 per
month,
at the following locations:
|
1. One
Overlook Drive, Suite 8, Amherst, NH 03031
2. 160-D
East Wend, Lemont, IL 60439
3. 18430
Brookhurst Street, Suite 201A, Fountain Valley, CA 92708
4. 199
Route
13, Brookline, NH 03033
C. |
Industrial
premises consisting of approximately 3,600 square feet and located
at 3Fl.
501-10 Chung-Cheng Road, Hsin-Tien City, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic
of
China. The building, used as sales and administrative offices, is
under a
lease that expires in December 2007, at an amount of approximately
$1,800
per month.
|
D. |
Industrial
premises consisting of approximately 7,000 square feet and located
at 2Fl.
501-15 Chung-Cheng Road, Hsin-Tien City, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic
of
China. These premises, owned by Diodes-Taiwan, are used as sales
and
administrative offices.
|
E. |
Industrial
premises consisting of approximately 9,000 square feet and located
at 5Fl.
501-16 Chung-Cheng Road, Hsin-Tien City, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic
of
China. These premises, owned by Diodes-Taiwan, are used as a warehousing
facility.
|
F. |
Industrial
building located at No. 999 Chen Chun Road, Xingqiao Town, Songjiang
County, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China. This building, consisting of
approximately 13,500 square meters, is the product distribution and
manufacturing facility for Diodes-China. The building is under a
lease
that expires in 2017 from a company owned by our 5% joint venture
partner
at a monthly rate of approximately $61,000 per
month.
|
G. |
Regional
offices located in Mainland China, leased at less than $4,000 per
month,
at the following locations:
|
1. Room
508,
1158 ChangNing Road, Shanghai, China
2. Room
706,
7th Floor Cyber Tower B, TianAn Cyber Park, Futian District, Shenzhen,
China
|
H.
|
Industrial
building located at 777 N. Blue Parkway Suite 350, Lee's Summit,
MO 64086
USA. Acquired in December 2000, Diodes-FabTech’s 5-inch wafer foundry
includes a 16,000 sq. ft. clean room within a 70,000 sq. ft. manufacturing
facility formerly owned by AT&T, under a lease that expires in 2009,
at an amount of approximately $125,000 per
month.
|
|
I.
|
Industrial
building located at Number 102, 1st Floor, International Plaza, 20
Sheung
Yuet Road, Kowloon Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong. These premises are leased
from
Lite-On Semiconductor, Ltd. at a rate of approximately $5,000 per
month,
and are used as sales, warehousing and logistics
offices.
|
J. |
Sales
and administrative offices located at 22, Avenue Paul Séjourné F-31000
Toulouse, France, leased at less than $1,000 per
month.
|
K. |
Industrial
building located at Plant No. 1, Lane 18, San Zhuang Road, Songjiang
Export Zone, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China. This building,
consisting of approximately 6,900 square meters, is the product
distribution and manufacturing facility for Diodes-Shanghai. The
building
is under a lease that expires in 2009 from a company owned by our
5% joint
venture partner at a monthly rate of approximately $24,000 per
month.
|
The
Company believes its current facilities are adequate for the foreseeable future.
See Notes 4 and 13 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.”
Item
3. Legal
Proceedings
The
Company is, from time to time, involved in litigation incidental to the conduct
of its business. The Company does not believe it is currently a party to any
pending litigation.
During
March 2004, a $100,000 payment was accepted as settlement in full for an
environmental claim received in June 2000 relating to the period 1967 through
1973. At December 31, 2005, the Company had no accrual on its balance sheet
related to this settled matter.
Item
4. Submission
of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
No
matter
was submitted to a vote of security holders by the Company during the fourth
quarter of 2005.
PART
II
Item
5. Market
for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases
of Equity Securities
The
Company's Common Stock is traded on the Nasdaq National Market ("Nasdaq") under
the symbol "DIOD." Until June 19, 2000, the Company’s Common Stock was traded on
the American Stock Exchange (“AMEX”) under the symbol "DIO." In July 2000,
November 2003, and December 2005, the Company effected 50% stock dividends
in
the form of three-for-two stock splits. The following table shows the range
of
high and low closing sales prices per share, adjusted for the three-for-two
stock splits, for the Company's Common Stock for each fiscal quarter from
January 1, 2004 as reported by Nasdaq.
Calendar
Quarter
Ended
|
|
Closing
Sales Price of
Common
Stock
|
|
|
|
High
|
|
Low
|
|
First
quarter (through March 8) 2006
|
|
$
|
39.85
|
|
$
|
32.46
|
|
Fourth
quarter 2005
|
|
|
34.94
|
|
|
23.09
|
|
Third
quarter 2005
|
|
|
25.93
|
|
|
20.63
|
|
Second
quarter 2005
|
|
|
22.34
|
|
|
16.79
|
|
First
quarter 2005
|
|
|
18.31
|
|
|
13.05
|
|
Fourth
quarter 2004
|
|
|
19.49
|
|
|
14.39
|
|
Third
quarter 2004
|
|
|
17.24
|
|
|
11.22
|
|
Second
quarter 2004
|
|
|
16.53
|
|
|
13.89
|
|
First
quarter 2004
|
|
|
16.78
|
|
|
12.68
|
|
On
March
8, 2006, the closing sales price of the Company’s Common Stock as reported by
Nasdaq was $35.40,
and there
were approximately 600 holders of record of our Common Stock.
We
have
never declared or paid cash dividends on our Common Stock. Our
credit agreement permits us to pay dividends to our stockholders to the extent
that any such dividends declared or paid in any fiscal year do not exceed an
amount equal to 50% of our net profit after taxes for such fiscal year. The
payment of dividends is within the discretion of the Company’s Board of
Directors, and will depend upon, among other things, the Company’s earnings,
financial condition, capital requirements, and general business conditions.
There have been no stock repurchases in the Company’s history.
Item
6. Selected
Financial Data
The
following selected financial data for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2001
through 2005 is qualified in its entirety by, and should be read in conjunction
with, the other information and financial statements, including the notes
thereto, appearing elsewhere herein. Certain
amounts as presented in the accompanying financial statements have been
reclassified to conform to 2005 financial statement presentation. These
reclassifications had no impact on previously reported net income or
stockholders' equity.
(In
thousands, except per share data)
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
Statement Data
|
|
2001
|
|
2002
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
2005
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
sales
|
|
$
|
93,210
|
|
$
|
115,821
|
|
$
|
136,905
|
|
$
|
185,703
|
|
$
|
214,765
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross
profit
|
|
|
14,179
|
|
|
26,710
|
|
|
36,528
|
|
|
60,735
|
|
|
74,377
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Selling,
general and administrative expenses
|
|
|
13,711
|
|
|
16,228
|
|
|
19,586
|
|
|
23,503
|
|
|
30,285
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research
and development expenses
|
|
|
592
|
|
|
1,472
|
|
|
2,049
|
|
|
3,422
|
|
|
3,713
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss
(gain) on sales and impairment of fixed assets
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
43
|
|
|
1,037
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
(102
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from operations
|
|
|
(132
|
)
|
|
8,967
|
|
|
13,856
|
|
|
33,796
|
|
|
40,481
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest
income (expense), net
|
|
|
(2,074
|
)
|
|
(1,183
|
)
|
|
(860
|
)
|
|
(637
|
)
|
|
221
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
Income (expense)
|
|
|
785
|
|
|
67
|
|
|
(5
|
)
|
|
(418
|
)
|
|
406
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
(loss) before taxes and minority interest
|
|
|
(1,421
|
)
|
|
7,851
|
|
|
12,991
|
|
|
32,741
|
|
|
41,108
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
tax provision (benefit)
|
|
|
(1,769
|
)
|
|
1,729
|
|
|
2,460
|
|
|
6,514
|
|
|
6,685
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Minority
interest in joint venture
|
|
|
(224
|
)
|
|
(320
|
)
|
|
(436
|
)
|
|
(676
|
)
|
|
(1,094
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
income
|
|
|
124
|
|
|
5,802
|
|
|
10,095
|
|
|
25,551
|
|
|
33,329
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earnings
per share: (1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
$
|
0.01
|
|
$
|
0.32
|
|
$
|
0.53
|
|
$
|
1.27
|
|
$
|
1.44
|
|
Diluted
|
|
$
|
0.01
|
|
$
|
0.29
|
|
$
|
0.47
|
|
$
|
1.10
|
|
$
|
1.29
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number
of shares used in computation (1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
|
18,324
|
|
|
18,415
|
|
|
19,096
|
|
|
20,106
|
|
|
23,168
|
|
Diluted
|
|
|
19,982
|
|
|
19,946
|
|
|
21,609
|
|
|
23,207
|
|
|
25,894
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As
of December 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance
Sheet Data
|
|
|
2001
|
|
|
2002
|
|
|
2003
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
assets
|
|
$
|
103,258
|
|
$
|
105,010
|
|
$
|
123,795
|
|
$
|
167,801
|
|
$
|
289,515
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Working
capital
|
|
|
19,798
|
|
|
20,831
|
|
|
27,154
|
|
|
49,571
|
|
|
146,651
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term
debt
|
|
|
29,497
|
|
|
18,417
|
|
|
12,583
|
|
|
11,347
|
|
|
9,486
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stockholders'
equity
|
|
|
51,124
|
|
|
57,678
|
|
|
71,450
|
|
|
112,148
|
|
|
225,474
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
Adjusted
for the effect of a 3-for-2 stock split in July 2000, November 2003, and
December 2005.
Item
7. Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations
The
following discussion of the Company’s financial condition and results of
operations should be read together with the consolidated financial statements
and the notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this
Form 10-K.
Overview
We
are a
global supplier of discrete and analog IC semiconductor products. We design,
manufacture and market discrete semiconductors focused on diverse end-use
applications in the consumer electronics, computing, industrial, communications
and automotive sectors. Discrete semiconductors, which provide electronic signal
amplification and switching functions, are basic building-block electronic
components that are incorporated into almost every electronic device. We believe
that our product focus provides us with a meaningful competitive advantage
relative to broadline semiconductor companies that provide a wider range of
semiconductor products.
We
are
headquartered in Westlake Village, California, near Los Angeles. We have two
manufacturing facilities located in Shanghai, China, and a wafer fabrication
facility in Kansas City, Missouri; and our sales and marketing and logistical
centers are located in Taipei, Taiwan; Shanghai and Shenzhen, China; and Hong
Kong. We also have regional sales offices or representatives in: Derbyshire,
England; Toulouse, France; Frankfurt, Germany; and various cities in the United
States.
In
1998,
we began to transform our business from the distribution of discrete
semiconductors manufactured by others to the design, manufacture and marketing
of discrete semiconductor products using our internal manufacturing
capabilities. The key elements of our strategy of transforming our business
from
a distribution-based model to one primarily based on the design and manufacture
of proprietary products are:
Ø |
expanding
our manufacturing capacity, including establishing integrated
state-of-the-art packaging and testing facilities in Asia, in 1998
and
2004, and acquiring a wafer foundry in the United States in
2000.
|
Ø |
expanding
our sales and marketing organization in Asia in order to address
the shift
of manufacturing of electronics products from the United States to
Asia.
|
Ø |
establishing
our sales and marketing organization in Europe commencing in
2002.
|
Ø |
expanding
the number of our field application engineers to design our products
into
specific end-user applications.
|
In
implementing this strategy, the following factors have affected, and, we
believe, will continue to affect, our results of operations:
Ø |
Since
1998, we have experienced increases in the demand for our products,
and
substantial pressure from our customers and competitors to reduce
the
selling price of our products. We expect future increases in net
income to
result primarily from increases in sales volume and improvements
in
product mix in order to offset reduced average selling prices of
our
products.
|
Ø |
In
2004 and 2005, 14.3% and 15.3%, respectively, of our net sales were
derived from products introduced within the last three years, which
we
term “new products,” compared to 12.1% in 2003. New products generally
have gross profit margins that are significantly higher than
the margins of our standard products. We expect net sales derived
from new
products to increase in absolute terms, although our net sales of
new
products as a percentage of our net sales will depend on the demand
for
our standard products, as well as our product
mix.
|
Ø |
Our
gross profit margin was 34.6% in 2005, compared to 32.7% in 2004
and 26.7%
in 2003. This improvement in our gross margin was due to improvements
in
product mix, as well as increases in wafer and packaging yields,
reductions in manufacturing costs and increases in capacity utilization.
We expect only modest improvements in yields and capacity utilization
in
the future and, as a result, future gross profit margins will depend
primarily on our product mix, as well as on the demand for our
product.
|
Ø |
As
of December 31, 2005, we had invested approximately
$95.7 million in our Asian manufacturing facilities. During, 2005, we
invested approximately $23.5 million in our Asian manufacturing
facilities and we expect to continue to invest in our manufacturing
facilities, although the amount to be invested will depend on product
demand and new product
developments.
|
Ø |
During
2005, the percentage of our net sales derived from our Asian subsidiaries
was 65.4%, compared to 59.1% in 2004 and 55.5% in 2003. We expect
our net
sales to the Asian market to continue to increase as a percentage
of our
total net sales for 2006 and beyond as a result of the continuing
shift of
the manufacture of electronic products from the United States to
Asia.
|
Ø |
We
have increased our investment in research and development from
$3.4 million in 2004 to $3.7 million in 2005. We continue to
seek to hire qualified engineers who fit our focus on proprietary
discrete
processes and packaging technologies. Our goal is to expand research
and
development expenses to approximately 2-3% of net sales as we bring
additional proprietary devices to the
market.
|
During
2005, we sold 2,125,000 shares of our Common Stock in a follow-on public
offering, raising approximately $71.7 million (net of commissions and expenses).
We used approximately $30 million of the net proceeds in connection with the
Anachip acquisition and we
intend
to use the remaining net proceeds from this offering for working capital and
other general corporate purposes, including acquisitions.
As
part
of our growth strategy, in December 2005, we announced the acquisition of
Anachip, a fabless Taiwanese semiconductor company focused on analog ICs
designed for specific applications. The acquisition, which closed on January
10,
2006, fits in the center of our long-term strategy. Anachip’s main product focus
is Power Management ICs. The analog devices they produce are used in LCD
monitor/TV's, wireless LAN 802.11 access points, brushless DC motor fans,
portable DVD players, datacom devices, ADSL modems, TV/satellite set-top boxes,
and power supplies. Anachip brings a design team with strong capabilities in
a
range of targeted analog and power management technologies. This acquisition
also shows our disciplined approach to making acquisitions. We paid
approximately $30 million to acquire Anachip, which had power management IC
revenues of approximately $35 million. The acquisition is expected to be
accretive to our 2006 earnings.
Net
Sales
We
generate a substantial portion of our net sales through the sale of discrete
semiconductor products, designed and manufactured by us or third parties. We
also generate a portion of our net sales from outsourcing manufacturing capacity
to third parties and from the sale of silicon wafers to manufacturers of
discrete semiconductor components. We serve customers across diversified
industry segments, including the consumer electronics, computing, industrial,
communications and automotive markets.
We
recognize revenue from product sales when title to and risk of loss of the
product have passed to the customer, there is persuasive evidence of an
arrangement, the sale price is fixed or determinable and collection of the
related receivable is reasonably assured. These criteria are generally met
upon
shipment to our customers. Net sales are stated net of reserves for pricing
adjustments, discounts, rebates and returns.
The
principal factors that have affected or could affect our net sales from period
to period are:
Ø |
the
condition of the economy in general and of the semiconductor industry
in
particular,
|
Ø |
our
customers’ adjustments in their order
levels,
|
Ø |
changes
in our pricing policies or the pricing policies of our competitors
or
suppliers,
|
Ø |
the
termination of key supplier
relationships,
|
Ø |
the
rate of introduction to, and acceptance of new products by, our
customers,
|
Ø |
our
ability to compete effectively with our current and future
competitors,
|
Ø |
our
ability to enter into and renew key corporate and strategic relationships
with our customers, vendors and strategic
alliances,
|
Ø |
changes
in foreign currency exchange rates,
|
Ø |
a
major disruption of our information technology
infrastructure; and
|
Ø |
unforeseen
catastrophic events, such as armed conflict, terrorism, fires, typhoons
and earthquakes.
|
Cost
of goods sold
Cost
of
goods sold includes manufacturing costs for our discrete semiconductors and
our
wafers. These costs include raw materials used in our manufacturing processes
as
well as the labor costs and overhead expenses. Cost of goods sold is also
impacted by yield improvements, capacity utilization and manufacturing
efficiencies. In addition, cost of goods sold includes the cost of products
that
we purchase from other manufacturers and sell to our customers. Cost of goods
sold is also affected by inventory obsolescence if our inventory management
is
not efficient.
Selling,
general and administrative expenses
Selling,
general and administrative expenses relate primarily to compensation and
associated expenses for personnel in general management, sales and marketing,
information technology, engineering, human resources, procurement, planning
and
finance, and sales commissions, as well as outside legal, accounting and
consulting expenses, and other operating expenses. We expect our selling,
general and administrative expenses to increase in absolute dollars as we hire
additional personnel and expand our sales, marketing and engineering efforts
and
information technology infrastructure.
Research
and development expenses
Research
and development expenses consist of compensation and associated costs of
employees engaged in research and development projects, as well as materials
and
equipment used for these projects. Research and development expenses are
primarily associated with our wafer facility in Kansas City, Missouri and our
manufacturing facilities in China, as well as our engineers at our
U.S. headquarters. All research and development expenses are expensed as
incurred, and we expect our research and development expenses to increase in
absolute dollars as we invest in new technologies and product
lines.
Interest
income / expense
Interest
income consists of interest earned on our cash and investment balances. Interest
expense consists of interest payable on our outstanding credit facilities.
Income
tax provision
Our
global presence requires us to pay income taxes in a number of jurisdictions.
In
general, earnings in the United States and Taiwan are currently subject to
tax
rates of 39.0% and 35.0%, respectively. Earnings of Diodes-Hong Kong are
currently subject to a 17.5% tax for local sales and/or local source sales,
with
all other sales foreign income tax-free. Earnings at Diodes-Taiwan and
Diodes-Hong Kong are also subject to U.S. taxes with respect to those
earnings that are derived from product manufactured by our China subsidiaries
and sold to customers outside of Taiwan and Hong Kong, respectively. The
U.S. tax rate on these earnings is computed as the difference between the
foreign effective tax rates and the U.S. tax rate. In accordance with
U.S. tax law, we receive credit against our U.S. federal tax liability
for income taxes paid by our foreign subsidiaries.
As
an
incentive for establishing our first Shanghai-based manufacturing subsidiary,
Diodes-China, in 1996, and in accordance with the taxation policies of China,
Diodes-China, received preferential tax treatment for the years ended December
31, 1996 through 2005.
Diodes-China
is located in the Songjiang district, where the standard central government
tax
rate is 24.0%. However, as an incentive for establishing Diodes-China, the
earnings of Diodes-China were subject to a 0% tax rate by the central government
from 1996 through 2000, and to a 12.0% tax rate from 2001 through 2005. For
2006
and future years, Diodes-China’s earnings will continue to be subject to a 12.0%
tax rate provided it exports at least 70% of its net sales. In addition, due
to
an $18.5 million permanent re-investment of Diodes-China earnings in 2004,
Diodes-China has applied to the Chinese
government for additional preferential tax treatment on earnings that are
generated by this $18.5 million investment. If approved, those earnings will
be
exempted from central government income tax for two years, and then subject
to a
12.0% tax rate for the following three years.
In
addition, the earnings of Diodes-China would ordinarily be subject to a standard
local government tax rate of 3.0%. However, as an incentive for establishing
Diodes-China, the local government waived this tax from 1996 through 2005.
Management expects this tax to be waived for at least the first half of 2006,
however, the local government can re-impose this tax at any time in its
discretion.
In
2004,
we established our second Shanghai-based manufacturing facility,
Diodes-Shanghai, located in the Songjiang Export Zone of Shanghai, China. In
the
Songjiang Export Zone, the central government standard tax rate is 15.0%. There
is no local government tax. During 2004, Diodes-Shanghai earnings were subject
to the standard 15.0% central government tax rate. As an incentive for
establishing Diodes-Shanghai, for 2005 and 2006 the earnings of Diodes-Shanghai
are exempted from central government income tax, and for the years 2007 through
2009 its earnings will be subject to a 7.5% tax rate. From 2010 onward, provided
that Diodes-Shanghai exports over 70% of its net sales, its earnings will be
subject to a 10.0% tax rate.
Earnings
of Diodes-Taiwan are currently subject to a tax rate of 35%, which is comparable
to the U.S. Federal tax rate for C corporations. Earnings of Diodes-Hong Kong
are currently subject to a 17.5% tax for local sales and/or local source sales,
all other sales are foreign income tax-free.
In
accordance with United States tax law, the Company receives credit against
its
U.S. Federal tax liability for corporate taxes paid in foreign jurisdictions.
The repatriation of funds from foreign subsidiaries to the Company may be
subject to Federal and state income taxes.
As
of
December 31, 2005, accumulated and undistributed earnings of Diodes-China and
Diodes-Shanghai are approximately $51.2 million, including $28.5 million of
restricted earnings (which are not available for dividends). Through March
31,
2002, the Company had not recorded deferred U.S. Federal or state tax
liabilities (estimated to be $8.9 million as of March 31, 2002) on these
cumulative earnings since the Company, at that time, considered this investment
to be permanent, and had no plans or obligation to distribute all or part of
that amount from China to the United States. Beginning in April 2002, the
Company began to record deferred taxes on a portion of the China earnings in
preparation of a dividend distribution. In the year ended December 31, 2004,
the
Company received a dividend of approximately $5.7 million from its Diodes-China
subsidiary, for which the tax effect is included in U.S. Federal and state
taxable income.
On
October 22, 2004, the President of the United States signed the American Jobs
Creation Act (AJCA) into law. Originally intended to repeal the extraterritorial
income (ETI) exclusion, which had triggered tariffs by the European Union,
the
AJCA expanded to cover a wide range of business tax issues. Among other items,
the AJCA establishes a phased repeal of the ETI, a new incentive tax deduction
for U.S. corporations to repatriate cash from foreign subsidiaries at a reduced
tax rate (a deduction equal to 85% of cash dividends received in the year
elected that exceeds a base-period amount) and significantly revises the
taxation of U.S. companies doing business abroad.
At
December 31, 2004, the Company made a minimum estimate for repatriating cash
from its subsidiaries in China and Hong Kong of $8.0 million under the AJCA,
and
recorded an income tax expense of approximately $1.3 million. Under the
guidelines of the AJCA, the Company developed a required domestic reinvestment
plan, covering items such as U.S. bank debt repayment, U.S. capital expenditures
and U.S. research and development activities, among others, to cover the
dividend repatriation. During 2005, the Company completed a quantitative
analysis of the benefits of the AJCA, the foreign tax credit implications,
and
state and local tax consequences of the impact of the AJCA on the Company’s
plans for repatriation. Based on the analysis, the Company repatriated $24.0
million from its foreign subsidiaries in 2005.
The
Company is evaluating the need to provide additional deferred taxes for the
future earnings of its foreign subsidiaries to the extent such earnings may
be
appropriated for distribution to the Company’s corporate office in North
America, and as further investment strategies with respect to foreign earnings
are determined. Should the Company’s North American cash requirements exceed the
cash that is provided through the domestic credit facilities, cash can be
obtained from the Company’s foreign subsidiaries. However, the distribution of
any unappropriated funds to the U.S. will require the recording of income tax
provisions on the U.S. entity, thus reducing net income. As of December 31,
2005, the Company has recorded approximately $1.1 million in deferred taxes
for
earnings of its foreign subsidiaries, primarily Diodes-Hong Kong.
CRITICAL
ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The
preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management
to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets
and
liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date
of
the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses
during the reporting period. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates,
including those related to revenue recognition, allowance for doubtful accounts,
inventory reserves and income taxes, among others. Our estimates are based
upon
historical experiences, market trends and financial forecasts and projections,
and upon various other assumptions that management believes to be reasonable
under the circumstances and at that certain point in time. Actual results may
differ, significantly at times, from these estimates under different assumptions
or conditions.
We
believe the following critical accounting policies and estimates affect the
significant estimates and judgments we use in the preparation of our
consolidated financial statements, and may involve a higher degree of judgment
and complexity than others.
Revenue
recognition
We
recognize revenue when there is persuasive evidence that an arrangement exists,
when delivery has occurred, when our price to the buyer is fixed or determinable
and when collectibility of the receivable is reasonably assured. These elements
are met when title to the products is passed to the buyers, which is generally
when our product is shipped.
We
reduce
revenue in the period of sale for estimates of product returns, distributor
price adjustments and other allowances, the majority of which are related to
our
North American operations. Our reserve estimates are based upon historical
data
as well as projections of revenues, distributor inventories, price adjustments,
average selling prices and market conditions. Actual returns and adjustments
could be significantly different from our estimates and provisions, resulting
in
an adjustment to revenues.
Inventory
reserves
Inventories
are stated at the lower of cost or market value. Cost is determined principally
by the first-in, first-out method. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our
inventory, both finished goods and raw material, for obsolescence and
slow-moving items. This evaluation includes analysis of sales levels, sales
projections, and purchases by item, as well as raw material usage related to
our
manufacturing facilities. Based upon this analysis, as well as an inventory
aging analysis, we accrue a reserve for obsolete and slow-moving inventory.
If
future demand or market conditions are different than our current estimates,
an
inventory adjustment may be required, and would be reflected in cost of goods
sold in the period the revision is made.
Accounting
for income taxes
As
part
of the process of preparing our consolidated financial statements, we are
required to estimate our income taxes in each of the tax jurisdictions in which
we operate. This process involves using an asset and liability approach whereby
deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded for differences in the
financial reporting bases and tax bases of our assets and liabilities.
Significant management judgment is required in determining our provision for
income taxes, deferred tax assets and liabilities. Management continually
evaluates its deferred tax asset as to whether it is likely that the deferred
tax assets will be realized. If management ever determined that our deferred
tax
asset was not likely to be realized, a write-down of the asset would be required
and would be reflected as an expense in the accompanying period.
Allowance
for doubtful accounts
Management
evaluates the collectability of our accounts receivable based upon a combination
of factors, including the current business environment and historical
experience. If we are aware of a customer’s inability to meet its financial
obligations to us, we record an allowance to reduce the receivable to the amount
we reasonably believe we will be able to collect from the customer. For all
other customers, we record an allowance based upon the amount of time the
receivables are past due. If actual accounts receivable collections differ
from
these estimates, an adjustment to the allowance may be necessary with a
resulting effect on operating expense.
Impairment
of long-lived assets
As
of
December 31, 2005, goodwill was $5.1 million ($4.2 million
related to the FabTech acquisition, and $881,000 related to Diodes-China).
We
account for goodwill in accordance with SFAS No. 142 (“Goodwill and
Other Intangible Assets”), for which goodwill is tested for impairment at least
annually. We performed the required impairment tests of goodwill and have
determined that the goodwill is fully recoverable.
We
assess
the impairment of long-lived assets, including goodwill, on an on-going basis
and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying
value
may not be recoverable. Our impairment review process is based upon (i) an
income approach from a discounted cash flow analysis, which uses our estimates
of revenues, costs and expenses, as well as market growth rates, and (ii) a
market multiples approach which measures the value of an asset through an
analysis of recent sales or offerings or comparable public entities. If ever
the
carrying value of the goodwill is determined to be less than the fair value
of
the underlying asset, a write-down of the asset will be required, with the
resulting expense charged in the period that the impairment was
determined.
Results
of Operations
The
following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the percentage that
certain items in the statement of income bear to net sales and the percentage
dollar increase (decrease) of such items from period to period.
|
|
Percent
of Net sales
|
|
Percentage
Dollar Increase (Decrease)
|
|
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2001
|
|
2002
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
2005
|
|
01
to '02
|
|
02
to '03
|
|
03
to '04
|
|
04
to '05
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
sales
|
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
24.3
|
%
|
|
18.2
|
%
|
|
35.6
|
%
|
|
15.6
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost
of goods sold
|
|
|
(84.8
|
)
|
|
(76.9
|
)
|
|
(73.3
|
)
|
|
(67.3
|
)
|
|
(65.4
|
)
|
|
12.8
|
|
|
12.6
|
|
|
24.5
|
|
|
12.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross
profit
|
|
|
15.2
|
|
|
23.1
|
|
|
26.7
|
|
|
32.7
|
|
|
34.6
|
|
|
88.4
|
|
|
36.8
|
|
|
66.3
|
|
|
22.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating
expenses
|
|
|
(15.4
|
)
|
|
(15.4
|
)
|
|
(16.6
|
)
|
|
(14.5
|
)
|
|
(15.8
|
)
|
|
24.0
|
|
|
27.8
|
|
|
18.8
|
|
|
25.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from operations
|
|
|
(0.2
|
)
|
|
7.7
|
|
|
10.1
|
|
|
18.2
|
|
|
18.8
|
|
|
6893.2
|
|
|
54.5
|
|
|
143.9
|
|
|
19.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest
income (expense)
|
|
|
(2.2
|
)
|
|
(1.0
|
)
|
|
(0.6
|
)
|
|
(0.3
|
)
|
|
0.1
|
|
|
(43.0
|
)
|
|
(27.3
|
)
|
|
(25.9
|
)
|
|
(134.7
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
income (expense)
|
|
|
0.8
|
|
|
0.1
|
|
|
(0.0
|
)
|
|
(0.2
|
)
|
|
0.2
|
|
|
(91.5
|
)
|
|
(107.5
|
)
|
|
(8260.0
|
)
|
|
197.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
before taxes and
|
|
|
(1.6
|
)
|
|
6.8
|
|
|
9.5
|
|
|
17.6
|
|
|
19.1
|
|
|
652.5
|
|
|
65.5
|
|
|
152.0
|
|
|
25.6
|
|
minority
interest
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
tax benefit (provision)
|
|
|
1.9
|
|
|
(1.5
|
)
|
|
(1.8
|
)
|
|
(3.5
|
)
|
|
(3.1
|
)
|
|
197.7
|
|
|
42.3
|
|
|
164.8
|
|
|
2.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Minority
interest
|
|
|
(0.2
|
)
|
|
(0.3
|
)
|
|
(0.3
|
)
|
|
(0.4
|
)
|
|
(0.5
|
)
|
|
42.9
|
|
|
36.3
|
|
|
54.9
|
|
|
61.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
income
|
|
|
0.1
|
|
|
5.0
|
|
|
7.4
|
|
|
13.8
|
|
|
15.5
|
|
|
4578.9
|
|
|
74.0
|
|
|
153.1
|
|
|
30.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The
following discussion explains in greater detail the consolidated financial
condition of the Company. This discussion should be read in conjunction with
the
consolidated financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere herein.
Earnings per share discussion reflects the three-for-two stock split in December
2005. All per share amounts have been adjusted to reflect the stock
split.
Year
2005 Compared to Year 2004
Net
sales
Net
sales
for 2005 increased $29.1 million to $214.8 million from $185.7 million for
2004.
The 15.6% increase was due primarily to an approximately 36.0% increase in
units
sold as a result of increased end-market demand for the Company’s products,
partly offset by a 15.0% decrease in total average selling prices (ASPs). ASPs
for discrete products decreased by 10.7% while ASPs for wafers fell 17.3%.
The
following table sets forth the geographic breakdown of our net sales for the
periods indicated based on the country to which the product is
shipped:
|
|
Net
sales for the year
|
|
Percentage
of
|
|
|
|
ended
December 31,
|
|
net
sales
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2004
|
|
2005
|
|
2004
|
|
2005
|
|
|
|
(Dollars
in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
China
|
|
$
|
44,311
|
|
$
|
68,050
|
|
|
23.9
|
%
|
|
31.7
|
%
|
Taiwan
|
|
|
50,716
|
|
|
59,838
|
|
|
27.3
|
%
|
|
27.9
|
%
|
United
States
|
|
|
53,204
|
|
|
54,981
|
|
|
28.7
|
%
|
|
25.6
|
%
|
All
Others
|
|
|
37,472
|
|
|
31,896
|
|
|
20.2
|
%
|
|
14.9
|
%
|
Total
|
|
$
|
185,703
|
|
$
|
214,765
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
Cost
of goods sold
Cost
of
goods sold increased $15.4 million, or 12.3%, for 2005 compared to $125.0
million in 2004. As a percent of sales, cost of goods sold decreased from 67.3%
for 2004 to 65.4% for 2005. The Company’s average unit cost (AUP) for discrete
devices decreased approximately 14.3% from 2004, and AUPs for wafer products
decreased approximately 14.9%. These cost decreases were due primarily to
improved manufacturing efficiencies.
Gross
profit
Gross
profit for 2005 increased 22.5% to $74.4 million from $60.7 million for 2004.
Of
the $13.7 million increase, $9.6 million was due to the 190 basis point increase
in gross profit margin from 32.7% in 2004 to 34.6% in 2005, while $4.1 million
was due to the 22.5% increase in net sales. Gross profit increases in Asia
were
the primary contributor to the gross profit increase in 2005. The higher gross
margin percentage was due primarily to improved product sales mix, increased
capacity utilization and manufacturing efficiencies, partially offset by pricing
pressure on our wafer products.
Selling,
general and administrative expenses
Selling,
general and administrative expenses (SG&A) for 2005 increased approximately
$6.8 million, or 28.9%, compared to $23.5 million 2004, due primarily to
(i) a $1.8 million expense relating to share inducement grants made to
Dr. Keh-Shew Lu, our President and Chief Executive Officer, and C.H. Chen,
our Vice Chairman, (ii) higher sales commissions, wages and marketing expenses
associated with increased sales and, (iii) consulting, legal and accounting
fees primarily associated with Sarbanes-Oxley compliance. SG&A, as a
percentage of net sales, was 14.1% in 2005, compared to 12.7% in
2004.
Research
and development expenses
Research
and development expenses (R&D) increased to $3.7 million, or 1.7% of net
sales, in 2005 from $3.4 million, or 1.8% of net sales, in 2004. R&D
expenses are primarily related to new product development at the silicon wafer
level, and, to a lesser extent, at the packaging level. We continue to seek
to
hire qualified engineers who fit our focus on next-generation processes and
packaging technologies. Our goal is to expand R&D to 2-3% of revenue as we
bring proprietary technology and advanced devices to the market.
Gain
on sale of fixed assets
Gain
on
sale of fixed assets of $102,000 for 2005 was due primarily to a gain on the
termination of two capital leases in China.
Interest
income / expense
Net
interest income for 2005 was $221,000 compared to net interest expense of
$620,000 in 2004, due primarily to interest income earned on proceeds from
our
public offering of equity securities in 2005, as well as to a reduction in
our
total debt from $17.5 million at December 31, 2004 to $12.5 million at
December 31, 2005. Our interest income is generated for interest earned on
our
cash balances and short-term investments. Our interest expense has been
primarily the result of borrowings to finance the FabTech acquisition in 2000,
as well as our ongoing investment in, and expansion of, our Diodes-China and
Diodes-Shanghai manufacturing facilities.
Other
income
Other
income for 2005 increased $824,000 from 2004, due primarily to lower currency
exchange losses in Taiwan as well as the expiration of management incentive
agreements associated with the FabTech acquisition.
Income
tax provision
We
recognized income tax expense of $6.7 million for 2005, resulting in an
effective tax rate of 16.3%, as compared to $6.5 million or 19.9% for the same
period in 2004, due primarily to an increase in profits earned in lower tax
rate
jurisdictions.
Minority
interest in joint venture earnings
Minority
interest in joint venture earnings represents the minority investor’s share of
the income of Diodes-China and Diodes-Shanghai. We established Diodes-Shanghai
in 2004. The increase in these subsidiaries’ income for the tweleve months ended
December 31, 2005 is primarily the result of increased sales, and
manufacturing efficiencies. As of December 31, 2005, we had a 95% controlling
interest in each of these subsidiaries.
Net
income
We
generated net income of $33.3 million (or $1.44 basic earnings per share
and $1.29 diluted earnings per share) for the twelve months ended
December 31, 2005, as compared to $25.6 million (or $1.27 basic
earnings per share and $1.10 diluted earnings per share) for the same period
in
2004. This 30.4% increase in net income is due primarily to the 15.6% net sales
increase at a gross profit margin of 34.6% for 2005, compared to a gross profit
margin of 32.7% in 2004.
Year
2004 Compared to Year 2003
Net
sales
Net
sales
for 2004 increased $48.8 million to $185.7 million, from
$136.9 million for 2003. The 35.6% increase was due primarily to an
approximately 40.0% increase in units sold as a result of increased demand
for
our products, as well as an improved product mix, offset in part by a 9.1%
decrease in average selling prices for wafers. The following table sets forth
the geographic breakdown of our net sales for the periods indicated based on
the
country to which the product is shipped:
|
|
Net
sales for the year
|
|
Percentage
of
|
|
|
|
ended
December 31,
|
|
net
sales
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
|
|
(Dollars
in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United
States
|
|
|
41,593
|
|
|
53,204
|
|
|
30.4
|
%
|
|
28.7
|
%
|
Taiwan
|
|
|
38,087
|
|
|
50,716
|
|
|
27.8
|
%
|
|
27.3
|
%
|
China
|
|
$
|
25,908
|
|
$
|
44,311
|
|
|
18.9
|
%
|
|
23.9
|
%
|
All
Others
|
|
|
31,317
|
|
|
37,472
|
|
|
22.9
|
%
|
|
20.2
|
%
|
Total
|
|
$
|
136,905
|
|
$
|
185,703
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
Cost
of goods sold
Cost
of
goods sold increased $24.6 million, or 24.5%, for 2004 compared to $100.3
million in 2003, as a result of the increase in net sales. As a percent of
net
sales, however, cost of goods sold decreased to 67.3% for 2004 from 73.3% for
2003. Our average unit cost for discrete devices decreased approximately 6.5%
from 2003, and average unit cost for wafer products decreased approximately
12.1%. These cost decreases were due primarily to improved manufacturing
efficiencies.
Gross
profit
Gross
profit for 2004 increased 66.3% to $60.7 million from $36.5 million
for 2003. Of the $24.2 million increase, $13.0 million was due to an
increase in gross profit margin from 26.7% in 2003 to 32.7% in 2004, while
$11.2 million was due to the 35.6% increase in net sales. Gross profit
increases in Asia were the primary contributor to the overall gross profit
increase in 2004. Gross profit margin increased due to enhanced capacity
utilization, continuing manufacturing efficiencies, relatively stable pricing,
and a product mix that continued to shift toward higher-value performance
discrete semiconductor devices.
Selling,
general and administrative expenses
For
2004,
SG&A increased $3.9 million to $23.5 million from
$19.6 million for 2003. The 19.9% increase in SG&A was due primarily to
higher sales commissions, incentives, marketing and royalty expenses associated
with the 35.6% increase in net sales for the year, and higher wage and benefits
expenses. Also contributing to the increased selling, general and administrative
expenses were higher corporate and administrative expenses, including legal
and
accounting fees, primarily associated with Sarbanes-Oxley Act compliance.
However, as a percentage of sales, selling, general and administrative expenses
decreased to 12.7% for 2004 from 14.3% in 2003.
Research
and development expenses
R&D
increased to $3.4 million, or 1.8% of net sales, in 2004 from
$2.0 million, or 1.5% of sales, in 2003. R&D was primarily related to
new product development relating to silicon wafers, and, to a lesser extent,
packaging.
Interest
expense, net
Net
interest expense for 2004 decreased $223,000 to $637,000 from $860,000 in 2003,
due primarily to a decrease in the use of our credit facilities, as well as
to
lower interest rates. In 2004, we repaid $3.6 million of debt outstanding
under our credit facilities, reducing the balances outstanding from
$21.1 million at December 31, 2003 to $17.5 million at
December 31, 2004.
Other
expense
Other
expense for 2004 increased $413,000 compared to 2003, primarily due to
approximately $400,000 in currency exchange losses related to the weakened
U.S.
dollar, primarily versus the Taiwan dollar, recorded in the fourth quarter
of
2004.
Income
tax provision
Our
effective tax rate in 2004 was 19.9%, compared to 18.9% for 2003. We recorded
a
provision for income taxes in the amount of $6.5 million for 2004, compared
to $2.5 million for 2003. Included in the tax provision for 2004 is
$1.3 million in deferred taxes recorded in the fourth quarter for an
$8.0 million planned dividend distribution from our Asian subsidiaries in
2005 under the AJCA, offset by a $1.2 million foreign investment tax refund
(net of U.S. taxes), and an approximately $500,000 research and development
tax
credit.
Minority
interest in joint venture earnings
The
minority interest in joint venture earnings represents the minority investor’s
share of income of Diodes-China and Diodes-Shanghai. Diodes-Shanghai was
established in 2004. The increase in these subsidiaries’ income for 2004 is
primarily the result of increased sales of higher margin products. As of
December 31, 2004, we had a 95% controlling interest in each of these
subsidiaries.
Net
income
We
generated net income of $25.6 million (or $1.27 basic earnings per share
and $1.10 diluted earnings per share) in 2004, as compared to $10.1 million
(or $0.53 basic earnings per share and $0.47 diluted earnings per share) for
2003. This 153.5% increase in net income is due primarily to the 35.6% net
sales
increase at a gross profit margin of 32.7% in 2004, compared to a gross profit
margin of 26.7% in 2003.
Financial
Condition
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
Our
primary sources of liquidity are cash, funds from operations and borrowings
under our credit facilities. Our primary liquidity requirements have been to
meet our inventory and capital expenditure needs. For 2003, 2004 and 2005,
our
working capital was $27.2 million, $49.6 million, and $146.7 million,
respectively. We anticipate our working capital position will be sufficient
for
at least the next 12 months.
In
2003,
2004 and 2005, our capital expenditures were $17.0 million,
$26.5 million and $24.7 million, respectively. Our capital
expenditures for these periods were primarily related to manufacturing expansion
in our facilities in China and, to a lesser extent, our wafer fabrication
facility in the United States. The increased amount of capital expenditures
from
2003 to 2004 ($17.0 million and $26.5 million, respectively) was primarily
attributable to increasing capacity at our facilities to meet demand for our
products, including the establishment of our Diodes-Shanghai facility in 2004.
In 2005, our capital expenditures reduced to $24.6 million as a result of
increased equipment efficiencies and the slower market growth as compared to
2004.
Discussion
of cash flows
Cash
and
short-term investments have increased from $12.8 million at
December 31, 2003, to $19.0 million at December 31, 2004, to
$113.6 million at December 31, 2005. The increase from 2004 to 2005
was
primarily due to the proceeds from the follow-on offering.
Operating
activities
Net
cash
provided by operating activities during 2005 was $50.6 million, resulting
primarily from $33.3 million of net income in this period. Net cash
provided by operating activities was $29.3 million for 2004 and
$18.8 million for 2003. Net cash provided by operations increased by
$21.3 million from 2004 to 2005. This increase resulted primarily from a
$7.8 million increase in our net income (from $25.6 million in 2004 to
$33.3 million in 2005) and decreases in inventories, resulting from faster
inventory turns, and decreases in accounts receivable. We continue to closely
monitor our credit terms with our customers, while at times providing extended
terms, primarily required by our customers in Asia and Europe.
Investing
activities
Net
cash
used by investing activities for 2005 was $65.8 million resulting from
capital expenditures of $19.6 million (net of $5.1 million purchased on accounts
payable), short-term investments of municipal bonds and equity investments.
Net
cash used by investing activities was $26.1 million for 2004 and
$15.6 million for 2003. Net cash used for investing activities in those
periods primarily related to manufacturing expansion in our facilities in China
and, to a lesser extent, our wafer fabrication facility in the United
States.
Financing
activities
Net
cash
provided by financing activities for 2005 was $70.8 million, resulting
primarily from $71.7 million in net proceeds from the offering of equity
securities, offset by $10.9 million debt repayment. In addition, the
Company received $4.2 million from stock option exercises in 2005. Net cash
provided by financing activities was $2.2 million for 2004 and
$1.9 million for 2003. Net cash provided by financing activities for 2004
was primarily due to $5.6 million received in connection with the exercise
of
stock options, partially offset by $4.8 million repaid under our debt
instruments. Net cash provided by financing activities for 2003 was primarily
due to $2.0 million received in connection with the exercise of stock
options.
Debt
instruments
On
August 29, 2005, we amended our U.S. credit arrangements with Union
Bank of California, N.A. (Union Bank). Under the second amendment to our amended
and restated credit agreement, we now have available a revolving credit
commitment of up to $20.0 million, including a $5.0 million letter of
credit sub-facility. In addition, and in connection with this amendment, one
of
our subsidiaries, FabTech, also amended and restated a term note and related
agreement with respect to an existing term loan arrangement, which we refer
to
as the FabTech term loan. After giving effect to this amendment, the principal
amount under the FabTech term loan was increased to
$5.0 million.
The
revolving credit commitment expires on August 29, 2008. The FabTech term
loan, which amortizes monthly, matures on August 29, 2010. As of December
31, 2005, we had no amounts outstanding under our revolving credit facility,
and
there was $4.7 million outstanding under the FabTech term loan. Loans to
Diodes Incorporated under our credit facility are guaranteed by FabTech, and
in
turn, the FabTech term loan is guaranteed by Diodes Incorporated. The purpose
of
the revolving credit facility is to provide cash for domestic working capital
purposes, and to fund permitted acquisitions.
All
loans
under the credit facility and the FabTech term loan are collateralized by all
of
Diodes Incorporated’s and FabTech’s accounts, instruments, chattel paper,
documents, general intangibles, inventory, equipment, furniture and fixtures,
pursuant to security agreements entered into by Diodes Incorporated and FabTech
in connection with these credit arrangements.
Both
amounts borrowed under the revolving credit facility and the FabTech term loan
bear interest at LIBOR plus 1.15%. At December 31, 2005, the effective rate
under both the credit agreement and the FabTech term loan was LIBOR plus 1.15%,
or 5.38%.
The
credit agreement contains covenants that require us to maintain a leverage
ratio
not greater than 2.25 to 1.0, an interest expense coverage ratio of not less
than 2.0 to 1.0 and a current ratio of not less than 1.0 to 1.0. It also
requires us to achieve a net profit before taxes, as of the last day of each
fiscal quarter, for the two consecutive fiscal quarters ending on that date
of
not less than $1. The credit agreement permits us to pay dividends to our
stockholders to the extent that any such dividends declared or paid in any
fiscal year do not exceed an amount equal to 50% of our net profit after taxes
for such fiscal year. However, it limits our ability to dispose of assets,
incur
additional indebtedness, engage in liquidation or merger, acquisition,
partnership or other combination (except permitted acquisitions). The credit
agreement also contains customary representations, warranties, affirmative
and
negative covenants and events of default.
The
agreements governing the FabTech term loan do not
contain any financial or negative covenants. However, they provide that a
default under our credit agreement will cause a cross-default under the FabTech
term loan.
As
of
December 31, 2005, FabTech had paid down $3.75 million, to pay in full
a note in favor of LSC, which debt was incurred in connection with our
acquisition of FabTech from LSC in 2000. This note matured on June 30, 2006
and amortized monthly. The obligations under this note were subordinated to
the
obligations under our U.S. credit agreement with Union Bank.
Diodes-China
and Diodes-Taiwan have available lines of credit of up to an aggregate of
$29.2 million, with a number of Chinese and Taiwanese financial
institutions. These lines of credit, except for one Taiwanese credit facility,
are collateralized by its premises, are unsecured, uncommitted and, in some
instances, may be repayable on demand. Loans under these lines of credit bear
interest at LIBOR or similar indices plus a specified margin.
As
of
December 31, 2005, Diodes-China owed $1.8 million under a note to one
of our customers, which debt was incurred in connection with our investing
in
manufacturing equipment. We repay this unsecured and interest-free note in
quarterly price concession installments, with any remaining balance due in
July
2008.
Off-Balance
Sheet Arrangements
We
do not
have any transactions, arrangements and other relationships with unconsolidated
entities that will affect our liquidity or capital resources. We have no special
purpose entities that provided off-balance sheet financing, liquidity or market
or credit risk support, nor do we engage in leasing, hedging (except for the
interest rate swap agreement, which expired in November 30, 2004), or
research and development services, that could expose us to liability that is
not
reflected on the face of our financial statements.
Contractual
Obligations
The
following table represents the Company’s contractual obligations as of December
31, 2005:
Contractual
Obligations
|
|
Payments
due by period (in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less
than
|
|
|
|
|
|
More
than
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
1
year
|
|
1-3
years
|
|
3-5
years
|
|
5
years
|
|
Long-term
debt
|
|
$
|
9,487
|
|
$
|
4,621
|
|
$
|
3,200
|
|
$
|
1,666
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
Capital
leases
|
|
|
2,049
|
|
|
185
|
|
|
370
|
|
|
370
|
|
|
1,124
|
|
Operating
leases
|
|
|
11,401
|
|
|
3,682
|
|
|
6,245
|
|
|
1,474
|
|
|
0
|
|
Purchase
obligations
|
|
|
11,584
|
|
|
11,584
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
0
|
|
Total
obligations
|
|
$
|
34,521
|
|
$
|
20,072
|
|
$
|
9,815
|
|
$
|
3,510
|
|
$
|
1,124
|
|
There
have been no material changes to our contractual obligations as of
December 31, 2005, as compared to December 31, 2004. Inflation did not
have a material effect on net sales or net income in fiscal years 2003 through
2005. A significant increase in inflation could affect future
performance.
Recently
Issued Accounting Pronouncements and Proposed Accounting
Changes
In
May
2005, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued SFAS No. 154,
“Accounting
Changes and Error Corrections, A Replacement of APB Opinion No. 20 and FASB
Statement No. 3.”
SFAS
154 requires retrospective application to prior periods’ financial statements
for changes in accounting principles, unless it is impracticable to determine
either the period-specific effects or the cumulative effect of the change.
SFAS
154 also requires that retrospective application of a change in accounting
principle be limited to the direct effects of the change. Indirect effects
of a
change in accounting principle, such as a change in non-discretionary
profit-sharing payments resulting from an accounting change, should be
recognized in the period of the accounting change. SFAS 154 also requires that
a
change in depreciation, amortization, or depletion method for long-lived,
non-financial assets be accounted for as a change in accounting estimate
effected by a change in accounting principle. SFAS 154 is effective for
accounting changes and corrections of errors made in fiscal years beginning
after December 15, 2005. Early adoption is permitted for accounting changes
and
corrections of errors made in fiscal years beginning after the date this
Statement is issued.
The
Company does not anticipate a material impact on the financial statements from
the adoption of this consensus.
In
March
2005, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation (FIN) No. 47, “Accounting
for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations, An Interpretation of FASB
Statement No. 143,”
which
requires an entity to recognize a liability for the fair value of a conditional
asset retirement obligation when incurred if the liability’s fair value can be
reasonably estimated. The adoption of this Interpretation did not have a
material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of
operations or cash flows.
In
December 2004, FASB issued SFAS No. 123(R). This new standard requires
companies to adopt the fair value methodology of valuing stock-based
compensation and recognizing that valuation in the financial statements from
the
date of grant. Accordingly, the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R)’s fair
value method will have a significant impact on our results of operations,
although it will have no impact on our overall financial position. The impact
of
adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) cannot be predicted at this time because
it will partially depend on levels of share-based payments granted in the
future. However, had we adopted SFAS No. 123(R) in prior periods, the
impact of that standard would have approximated the impact of
SFAS No. 123 as shown in the Stock-based Compensation table contained
in Note 1 of our financial statements. SFAS No. 123(R) also
requires the benefits of tax deductions in excess of recognized compensation
cost to be reported as a financing cash flow, rather than as an operating cash
flow as required under current literature. We are currently evaluating several
option valuation models in order to calculate the required compensation expense.
We have elected to adopt the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R) on a
modified prospective application method with no restatement of any prior
periods. SFAS No. 123(R) is effective for us as of the beginning of
the fiscal year ending December 31, 2006.
In
December 2004, the FASB also issued SFAS No. 151, “Inventory
Costs, an amendment of ARB No. 43, Chapter 4.”
This
standard clarifies that abnormal amounts of idle facility expense, freight,
handling costs and wasted material should be expensed as incurred and not
included in overhead. In addition, this standard requires that the allocation
of
fixed production overhead costs to inventory be based on the normal capacity
of
the production facilities. The provisions of this standard are effective for
the
fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005. The Company is currently evaluating
the potential impact of this standard on its financial position and results
of
operations, but does not believe the impact of the change will be
material.
On
October 22, 2004, the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 was passed, which
raised a number of issues with respect to accounting for income taxes. In
response, on December 21, 2004, the FASB issued two FASB Staff Positions,
or FSP, FSP 109-1— Application of FASB Statement No. 109, Accounting for
Income Taxes, to the Tax Deduction on Qualified Production Activities Provided
by the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 and FSP 109-2— Accounting and
Disclosure Guidance for the Foreign Earnings Repatriation Provision within
the
American Jobs Creation Act of 2004, which became effective for us upon
issuance.
The
AJCA
provides a deduction for income from qualified domestic production activities,
to be phased in from 2005 through 2010, which is intended to replace the
existing extra-territorial income exclusion for foreign sales. In FSP 109-1,
the
FASB decided the deduction for qualified domestic production activities should
be accounted for as a special deduction under SFAS No. 109, rather
than as a rate reduction. Accordingly, any benefit from the deduction will
be
reported in the period in which the deduction is claimed on the tax return.
No
adjustment to deferred taxes was required. The adoption of this standard is
not
expected to have significant impact on Company’s consolidated financial
statements.
The
AJCA
also creates a temporary incentive for U.S. corporations to repatriate
accumulated income earned abroad by providing an 85.0% dividends received
deduction for certain dividends from controlled foreign corporations. The
deduction is subject to a number of limitations and uncertainty remains as
to
how to interpret numerous provisions in the AJCA. FSP 109-2 addresses when
to
reflect in the financial statements the effects of the one-time tax benefit
on
the repatriation of foreign earnings. Under SFAS No. 109, companies
are normally required to reflect the effect of new tax law changes in the period
of enactment. FSP 109-2 provides companies additional time to determine the
amount of earnings, if any, that they intend to repatriate under the AJCA’s
provisions. See Note 8 of our financial statements for more discussion of
the impact of the AJCA, including the impact on our repatriation of foreign
earnings.
In
November 2004, the Emerging Issues Task Force, or EITF, reached a consensus
on
EITF Issue No. 03-13, Applying the Conditions in Paragraph 42 of FASB
Statement No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived
Assets, in Determining Whether to Report Discontinued Operations. The consensus
provides guidance in determining: (1) which cash flows should be taken into
consideration when assessing whether the cash flows of the disposal component
have been or
will
be eliminated from the ongoing operations of the entity, (2) the types of
involvement ongoing between the disposal component and the entity disposing
of
the component that constitute continuing involvement in the operations of the
disposal component, and (3) the appropriate (re)assessment period for
purposes of assessing whether the criteria in paragraph 42 have been met.
The consensus was ratified by the FASB at their November 30, 2004 meeting
and should be applied to a component of an enterprise that is either disposed
of
or classified as held for sale in fiscal periods beginning after
December 15, 2004. We do not anticipate a material impact on our financial
statements from the adoption of this consensus.
In
September 2004, the EITF reached a consensus on EITF Issue No. 04-10,
Applying Paragraph 19 of FAS 131 in determining whether to aggregate
operating segments that do not meet the quantitative thresholds. The consensus
states that operating segments that do not meet the quantitative thresholds
can
be aggregated only if aggregation is consistent with the objective and basic
principles of SFAS No. 131, “Disclosures
about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information,”
the
segments have similar economic characteristics, and the segments share a
majority of the aggregation criteria (a)-(e) listed in paragraph 17 of
SFAS No. 131. The effective date of the consensus in this Issue is for
fiscal years ending after October 13, 2004. The ratification of this Issue
did not have an impact on our financial reporting.
In
March
2004, the EITF reached a consensus on the remaining portions of EITF 03-01,
The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain
Investments with an effective date of June 15, 2004. EITF 03-01
provides new disclosure requirements for
other-than-temporary impairments on debt and equity investments. Investors
are
required to disclose quantitative information about: (1) the aggregate
amount of unrealized losses, and (2) the aggregate related fair values of
investments with unrealized losses, segregated into time periods during which
the investment has been in an unrealized loss position of less than
12 months and greater than 12 months. In addition, investors are
required to disclose the qualitative information that supports their conclusion
that the impairments noted in the qualitative disclosure are not other-than
temporary. We determined that EITF 03-01 would not have a material impact
on our financial statements.
In
December 2003, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 46R, or
FIN 46R, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, a revision to
Interpretation No. 46. FIN 46R clarifies the application of
consolidation accounting for certain entities that do not have sufficient equity
at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated
financial support from other parties or in which equity investors do not have
the characteristics of a controlling financial interest; these entities are
referred to as “variable interest entities.” Variable interest entities within
the scope of FIN 46R are required to be consolidated by their primary
beneficiary. The primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity is determined
to be the party that absorbs a majority of the entity’s expected losses,
receives a majority of its expected returns, or both. FIN 46R also requires
disclosure of significant variable interests in variable interest entities
for
which a company is not the primary beneficiary. We have assessed Diodes-Shanghai
under the provisions of FIN 46R and have concluded that our investment in
Diodes-Shanghai does not meet the criteria for consolidation under the standard.
However, Diodes-Shanghai is consolidated under other applicable accounting
literature. We will periodically review our investment in Diodes-Shanghai to
insure that we comply with the guidelines prescribed by
FIN 46R.
Item
7A. Quantitative
and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Foreign
Currency Risk.
We face
exposure to adverse movements in foreign currency exchange rates, primarily
in
Asia. Our foreign currency risk may change over time as the level of activity
in
foreign markets grows and could have an adverse impact upon our financial
results. Certain of our assets, including certain bank accounts and accounts
receivable, and liabilities exist in non-U.S. dollar denominated
currencies, which are sensitive to foreign currency exchange fluctuations.
These
currencies are principally the Chinese Yuan and the Taiwanese dollar and, to
a
lesser extent, the Japanese Yen, the Euro and the Hong Kong dollar. Because
of
the relatively small size and nature of each individual currency exposure,
we do
not regularly employ hedging techniques designed to mitigate foreign currency
exposures. Therefore, we could experience currency gains and losses. If the
Chinese Yuan and the Taiwanese dollar were to strengthen or weaken by 1.0%
against the U.S. dollar, we would experience currency gains or losses of
approximately $150,000 and $60,000, respectively. In the future, we may enter
into hedging arrangements designed to mitigate foreign currency
fluctuations.
In
July
2005, the Chinese government allowed the Chinese Yuan to float and be traded
freely, although it is only permitted to float within a 0.3% band against the
Chinese central bank rate set for the U.S. dollar. Should the Chinese
government allow a significant Chinese Yuan appreciation, and we do not take
appropriate means to offset this exposure, the effect could have an adverse
impact upon our financial results.
Interest
Rate Risk. We
have
credit facilities with U.S. and Asian financial institutions as well as other
debt instruments with interest rates equal to LIBOR or similar indices plus
a
negotiated margin. A rise in interest rates could have an adverse impact upon
our cost of working capital and our interest expense. In July 2001, we entered
into an interest rate swap agreement to hedge our exposure to variability in
expected future cash flows resulting from interest rate risk related to a
portion of our long-term debt. The interest rate under the swap agreement was
fixed at 6.8% and was based on the notional amount of
U.S. $2.3 million as of December 31, 2003. The swap contract was
inversely correlated to the related hedged long-term debt and was therefore
considered an effective cash flow hedge of the underlying long-term debt. The
level of effectiveness of the hedge was measured by the changes in the market
value of the hedged long-term debt resulting from fluctuation in interest rates.
At November 30, 2004 the interest rate swap agreement on our long-term debt
expired. As a matter of policy, we do not enter into derivative transactions
for
trading or speculative purposes. As of December 31, 2005, our outstanding
debt under our interest-bearing credit agreements was $10.7 million. Based
on an increase or decrease in interest rates by 1.0% for the year, our annual
interest rate expense would increase or decrease by approximately
$107,000.
Political
Risk. We
have a
significant portion of our assets in Mainland China and Taiwan. The possibility
of political conflict between the two countries or with the United States could
have an adverse impact upon the Company’s ability to transact business through
these important business segments and to generate profits. See “Risk Factors -
Foreign Operations.”
Item
8. Financial
Statements and Supplementary Data
See
“Item
15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules” for the Company’s Consolidated
Financial Statements and the notes and schedules thereto filed as part of this
Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item
9. Changes
In and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial
Disclosure
Not
Applicable.
Item
9A.
Controls
and Procedures
Disclosure
Controls and Procedures
The
Company's Chief Executive Officer, Dr. Keh-Shew Lu, and Chief Financial
Officer, Carl C. Wertz, with the participation of the Company's management,
carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company's disclosure
controls and procedures pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e). Based upon
that
evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer believe
that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company's
disclosure controls and procedures are effective to provide reasonable assurance
that material information relating to the Company (including its consolidated
subsidiaries) required to be included in this report is made known to
them.
Disclosure
controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and implemented, can
provide only reasonable assurance of achieving an entity's disclosure
objectives. The likelihood of achieving such objectives is affected by
limitations inherent in disclosure controls and procedures. These include the
fact that human judgment in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns
in
internal control can occur because of human failures such as simple errors,
mistakes or intentional circumvention of the established processes.
Management’s
Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Management
is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over
financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is a process
designed by, or under the supervision of, the Company's Chief Executive Officer
and the Chief Financial Officer and implemented by the Company's Board of
Directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance
regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of
financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles in the United States of America.
The
Company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and
procedures that: (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable
detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of
the
assets of the Company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are
recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States
of
America, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only
in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company;
and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection
of
unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company's assets that could
have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because
of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may
not
prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of
effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance
with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Under
the
supervision and with the participation from management, including our Chief
Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation
of
the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on
the
framework and criteria established in Internal
Control - Integrated Framework
issued
by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
This evaluation included review of the documentation of controls, testing of
operating effectiveness of controls and a conclusion on this evaluation. Based
on this evaluation, management concluded that the Company’s internal control
over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2005. Management's
assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting
as of December 31, 2005 has been audited by Moss Adams LLP, an independent
registered public accounting firm, who has expressed unqualified opinions on
management's assessment and on the effectiveness of the Company's internal
control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005 as stated in their
report which is included in Item 8 of this Report.
Changes
in Internal Control
There
was
no change in the Company's internal control over financial reporting, known
to
the Chief Executive Officer or the Chief Financial Officer, that occurred during
the period covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably
likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial
reporting.
Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Board
of
Directors and Stockholders
Diodes
Incorporated and Subsidiaries
We
have
audited management's assessment, included in the accompanying Management's
Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting that Diodes Incorporated
and
Subsidiaries maintained effective internal control over financial reporting
as
of December 31, 2005, based on criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control - Integrated
Framework. Diodes Incorporated and Subsidiaries’ management is responsible for
maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its
assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting.
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on management's assessment and
an
opinion on the effectiveness of the company's internal control over financial
reporting based on our audit.
We
conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we
plan
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective
internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material
respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control
over
financial reporting, evaluating management's assessment, testing and evaluating
the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing
such
other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe
that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A
company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to
provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting
and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance
with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
A
company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies
and
procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable
detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of
the
assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are
recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts
and
expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with
authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide
reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized
acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have a
material effect on the financial statements.
Because
of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may
not
prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of
effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance
with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In
our
opinion, management's assessment that Diodes Incorporated and Subsidiaries
maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December
31, 2005, is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on criteria set
forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission
(COSO) in Internal Control - Integrated Framework. Also in our opinion, Diodes
Incorporated and Subsidiaries maintained, in all material respects, effective
internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004, based on
criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway
Commission (COSO) in Internal Control - Integrated Framework.
We
have
also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements and
financial statement schedule of Diodes Incorporated and Subsidiaries as of
and
for the year ended December 31, 2005, and our report dated March 10, 2006
expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements and financial
statement schedule.
/s/
Moss
Adams LLP
Moss
Adams LLP
Los
Angeles, California
March
10,
2006
Item
9B.
Other
Information
None.
PART
III
Item
10. Directors
and Executive Officers of the Registrant
The
information concerning the directors and executive officers of the Company
is
incorporated herein by reference from the section entitled "Proposal One -
Election of Directors" contained in the definitive proxy statement of the
Company to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A within 120 days after the
Company's fiscal year end of December 31, 2005, for its annual stockholders'
meeting for 2006 (the "Proxy Statement").
The
Company has adopted a code of ethics that applies to the Company’s Chief
Executive Officer and senior financial officers. The code of ethics has been
posted on the Company’s website under the Corporate Governance portion of the
Investor Relations section at www.diodes.com. The Company intends to satisfy
disclosure requirements regarding amendments to, or waivers from, any provisions
of its code of ethics on its website.
Item
11. Executive
Compensation
The
information concerning executive compensation is incorporated herein by
reference from the section entitled “Proposal One - Election of Directors”
contained in the Proxy Statement.
Item
12. Security
Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder
Matters
The
information concerning the security ownership of certain beneficial owners
and
management and related stockholder matters is incorporated herein by reference
from the section entitled “General Information - Security Ownership of Certain
Beneficial Owners and Management” and “Proposal One - Election of Directors”
contained in the Proxy Statement.
Item
13. Certain
Relationship and Related Transactions
The
information concerning certain relationships and related transactions is
incorporated herein by reference from the section entitled “Proposal One -
Election of Directors - Certain Relationships and Related Transactions”
contained in the Proxy Statement.
Item
14. Principal
Accountant Fees and Services
The
information concerning the Company’s principal accountant’s fees and services is
incorporated herein by reference from the section entitled “Proposal Five –
Ratification of the Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accounting
Firm” in the Proxy Statement.
PART
IV
Item
15. Exhibits
and Financial Statement Schedules
|
(a)
|
Financial
Statements and
Schedules
|
(1)
Financial statements:
|
|
|
Page
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
|
|
|
43
|
|
Consolidated
Balance Sheet at December 31, 2004 and 2005
|
|
|
44
to 45
|
|
Consolidated
Statement of Income for the Years Ended December 31, 2003,
|
|
|
|
|
2004,
and 2005
|
|
|
46
|
|
Consolidated
Statement of Stockholders' Equity for the Years Ended
|
|
|
|
|
December
31, 2003, 2004, and 2005
|
|
|
47
|
|
Consolidated
Statement of Cash Flows for the Years Ended
|
|
|
|
|
December
31, 2003, 2004, and 2005
|
|
|
48
to 49
|
|
Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
|
|
50 to
72
|
|
(2)
Schedules:
|
|
|
|
|
Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on
|
|
|
|
|
Financial
Statement Schedule
|
|
|
73
|
|
Schedule
II -- Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
|
|
|
74
|
|
Schedules
not listed above have been omitted because the information required to be
set
forth therein is not applicable or is shown in the financial statements and
note
thereto.
|
|
|
The
exhibits listed on the Index to Exhibits at page 76 are filed as
exhibits
or incorporated by reference to this Annual Report on Form
10-K.
|
|
(c)
|
Financial
Statements of Unconsolidated Subsidiaries and
Affiliates
|
REPORT
OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Board
of
Directors and Stockholders
Diodes
Incorporated and Subsidiaries
We
have
audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Diodes Incorporated
and
Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2005 and 2004 and the related consolidated
statements of income, stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the
years
in the three-year period ended December 31, 2005. These financial statements
are
the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to
express
an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We
conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that
we plan
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the
consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit
includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and
disclosures in the consolidated financial statements, assessing the accounting
principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as
evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that
our
audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In
our
opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all
material respects, the consolidated financial position of Diodes Incorporated
and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, and the consolidated results
of its operations and cash flows for each of the years in the three year
period
ended December 31, 2005, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting
principles.
We
also
have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of Diodes Incorporated
and
Subsidiaries’ internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005,
based on criteria established
in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission, and our report dated March 10,
2006
expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/
Moss
Adams LLP
MOSS
ADAMS LLP
Los
Angeles, California
March
10,
2006
DIODES
INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
BALANCE SHEETS
December
31,
|
|
2004
|
|
2005
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ASSETS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CURRENT
ASSETS
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
18,970,000
|
|
$
|
73,288,000
|
|
Short-term
investments
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
40,348,000
|
|
Total
cash and short-term investments
|
|
|
18,970,000
|
|
|
113,636,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts
receivable
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trade
customers
|
|
|
38,682,000
|
|
|
48,348,000
|
|
Related
parties
|
|
|
5,526,000
|
|
|
6,804,000
|
|
|
|
|
44,208,000
|
|
|
55,152,000
|
|
Allowance
for doubtful accounts
|
|
|
(432,000
|
)
|
|
(534,000
|
)
|
|
|
|
43,776,000
|
|
|
54,618,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inventories
|
|
|
22,238,000
|
|
|
24,611,000
|
|
Deferred
income taxes, current
|
|
|
2,453,000
|
|
|
2,541,000
|
|
Prepaid
expenses and other
|
|
|
4,243,000
|
|
|
5,326,000
|
|
Prepaid
income taxes
|
|
|
406,000
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
current assets
|
|
|
92,086,000
|
|
|
200,732,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PROPERTY,
PLANT AND EQUIPMENT,
net
|
|
|
60,857,000
|
|
|
68,930,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DEFERRED
INCOME TAXES, non-current
|
|
|
7,970,000
|
|
|
8,466,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
OTHER
ASSETS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity
investment
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
5,872,000
|
|
Goodwill
|
|
|
5,090,000
|
|
|
5,090,000
|
|
Other
|
|
|
1,798,000
|
|
|
425,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
assets
|
|
$
|
167,801,000
|
|
$
|
289,515,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial
statements.
DIODES
INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
BALANCE SHEETS (Continued)
December
31,
|
|
2004
|
|
2005
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIABILITIES
AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CURRENT
LIABILITIES
|
|
|
|
|
|
Line
of credit
|
|
$
|
6,167,000
|
|
$
|
3,000,000
|
|
Accounts
payable
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trade
|
|
|
17,274,000
|
|
|
18,619,000
|
|
Related
parties
|
|
|
3,936,000
|
|
|
7,921,000
|
|
Accrued
liabilities
|
|
|
10,481,000
|
|
|
18,312,000
|
|
Income
tax payable
|
|
|
978,000
|
|
|
1,470,000
|
|
Current
portion of long-term debt
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Related
party
|
|
|
2,500,000
|
|
|
-
|
|
Others
|
|
|
1,014,000
|
|
|
4,621,000
|
|
Current
portion of capital lease obligations
|
|
|
165,000
|
|
|
138,000
|
|
Total
current liabilities
|
|
|
42,515,000
|
|
|
54,081,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LONG-TERM
DEBT,
net of current portion
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Related
party
|
|
|
1,250,000
|
|
|
-
|
|
Others
|
|
|
6,583,000
|
|
|
4,865,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CAPITAL
LEASE OBLIGATIONS,
net of current portion
|
|
|
2,172,000
|
|
|
1,618,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Minority
interest in joint verture
|
|
|
3,133,000
|
|
|
3,477,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
STOCKHOLDERS'
EQUITY
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class
A convertible preferred stock -
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
par
value $1.00 per share; 1,000,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
shares
authorized; no shares issued and outstanding
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
Common
stock - par value $0.66 2/3 per share;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
30,000,000
shares authorized; 23,644,901 and 25,258,119 shares
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
issued
at 2004 and 2005, respectively
|
|
|
15,763,000
|
|
|
16,839,000
|
|
Additional
paid-in capital
|
|
|
16,262,000
|
|
|
94,664,000
|
|
Retained
earnings
|
|
|
81,330,000
|
|
|
114,659,000
|
|
|
|
|
113,355,000
|
|
|
226,162,000
|
|
Less:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treasury
stock - 2,420,262 and no shares of
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
common
stock, at cost, at 2004 and 2005, respectively
|
|
|
1,782,000
|
|
|
-
|
|
Accumulated
other comprehensive loss (gain)
|
|
|
(575,000
|
)
|
|
688,000
|
|
|
|
|
1,207,000
|
|
|
688,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
stockholders' equity
|
|
|
112,148,000
|
|
|
225,474,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
liabilities and stockholders' equity
|
|
$
|
167,801,000
|
|
$
|
289,515,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial
statements.
DIODES
INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF INCOME
Years
ended December 31,
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
2005
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET
SALES
|
|
$
|
136,905,000
|
|
$
|
185,703,000
|
|
$
|
214,765,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
COST
OF GOODS SOLD
|
|
|
100,377,000
|
|
|
124,968,000
|
|
|
140,388,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross
profit
|
|
|
36,528,000
|
|
|
60,735,000
|
|
|
74,377,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
OPERATING
EXPENSES
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Selling,
general and administrative
|
|
|
19,586,000
|
|
|
23,503,000
|
|
|
30,285,000
|
|
Research
and development
|
|
|
2,049,000
|
|
|
3,422,000
|
|
|
3,713,000
|
|
Impairment
of fixed assets
|
|
|
1,000,000
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
Loss
(gain) on disposal of fixed assets
|
|
|
37,000
|
|
|
14,000
|
|
|
(102,000
|
)
|
Total
operating expenses
|
|
|
22,672,000
|
|
|
26,939,000
|
|
|
33,896,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
from operations
|
|
|
13,856,000
|
|
|
33,796,000
|
|
|
40,481,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
OTHER
INCOME (EXPENSES)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest
income (expense), net
|
|
|
(860,000
|
)
|
|
(637,000
|
)
|
|
221,000
|
|
Other
|
|
|
(5,000
|
)
|
|
|